{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T08:02:16Z","timestamp":1771660936571,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]],"date-time":"2018-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003074","name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PICTO 2016-0015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICTO 2016-0015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003074","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Council of the Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires","award":["2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017"]}]},{"name":"Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires","award":["2016-2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-2018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to assess the prevalence of natural resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) to NS3, NS5A and NS5B inhibitors in 86 genotype 1 Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-infected patients from Buenos Aires, Argentina, and to determine their effect on therapy outcome. Additionally, virological, clinical and host genetic factors were explored as predictors of the presence of baseline RASs. NS3 RASs (39.2%) were more prevalent than NS5A RASs (25%) and NS5B RASs (8.9%). In the three regions, the frequencies of RASs were significantly higher in HCV-1b than in HCV-1a. The prevalence of Y93H, L159F and Q80K were 1.3%, 6.3% and 2.5%, respectively. IFNL3 CC genotype was identified as an independent predictor of the presence of baseline RASs in NS5A and NS3 genes (p = 0.0005 and p = 0.01, respectively). Sustained virologic response was achieved by 93.3% of the patients after receiving direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), although 48.7% of them showed baseline RASs related to the DAA-regimen. Notably, the prevalence of clinically relevant RASs in the three genes was lower than that observed around the world. The baseline presence of RASs in both subtypes did not appear to affect therapy outcome. These results support the need to evaluate resistance patterns in each particular country since RASs\u00b4 prevalence significantly vary worldwide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v11010003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]],"date-time":"2018-12-21T09:24:11Z","timestamp":1545384251000},"page":"3","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Prevalence and Factors Related to Natural Resistance-Associated Substitutions to Direct-Acting Antivirals in Patients with Genotype 1 Hepatitis C Virus Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Isabella","family":"Esposito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingenier\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica (IMTIB), CONICET, Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Hospital Italiano (HIBA), C1199ACL Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n","family":"Marciano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secci\u00f3n de Hepatolog\u00eda, Servicio de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, C1199ABB Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, C1199ABB Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secci\u00f3n de Hepatolog\u00eda, Servicio de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, C1199ABB Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Galdame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secci\u00f3n de Hepatolog\u00eda, Servicio de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, C1199ABB Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingenier\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica (IMTIB), CONICET, Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Hospital Italiano (HIBA), C1199ACL Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Gadano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingenier\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica (IMTIB), CONICET, Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Hospital Italiano (HIBA), C1199ACL Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Secci\u00f3n de Hepatolog\u00eda, Servicio de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, C1199ABB Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, C1199ABB Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Flichman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C\u00e1tedra de Virolog\u00eda, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioqu\u00edmica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), C1425FQB Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4781-8005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julieta","family":"Trinks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingenier\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica (IMTIB), CONICET, Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Hospital Italiano (HIBA), C1199ACL Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Polaris Observatory HCV Collaborators (2017). 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