{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T23:31:35Z","timestamp":1774999895576,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]],"date-time":"2019-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004955","name":"\u00d6sterreichische Forschungsf\u00f6rderungsgesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4766773"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4766773"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004955","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["681032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["681032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011658","name":"French Infrastructure for Integrated Structural Biology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-10-INSB-05-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-INSB-05-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011658","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"GRAL","award":["ANR-10-LABX-49-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-LABX-49-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A chimeric vesicular stomatitis virus with the glycoprotein of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, VSV-GP, is a potent viral vaccine vector that overcomes several of the limitations of wild-type VSV. Here, we evaluated the potential of VSV-GP as an HIV vaccine vector. We introduced genes for different variants of the HIV-1 envelope protein Env, i.e., secreted or membrane-anchored, intact or mutated furin cleavage site or different C-termini, into the genome of VSV-GP. We found that the addition of the Env antigen did not attenuate VSV-GP replication. All HIV-1 Env variants were expressed in VSV-GP infected cells and some were incorporated very efficiently into VSV-GP particles. Crucial epitopes for binding of broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1 such as MPER (membrane-proximal external region), CD4 binding site, V1V2 and V3 loop were present on the surface of VSV-GP-Env particles. Binding of quaternary antibodies indicated a trimeric structure of VSV-GP incorporated Env. We detected high HIV-1 antibody titers in mice and showed that vectors expressing membrane-anchored Env elicited higher antibody titers than vectors that secreted Envs. In rabbits, Tier 1A HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies were detectable after prime immunization and titers further increased after boosting with a second immunization. Taken together, VSV-GP-Env is a promising vector vaccine against HIV-1 infection since this vector permits incorporation of native monomeric and\/or trimeric HIV-1 Env into a viral membrane.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v11020159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,17]],"date-time":"2019-02-17T22:11:50Z","timestamp":1550441510000},"page":"159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Induction of Tier 1 HIV Neutralizing Antibodies by Envelope Trimers Incorporated into a Replication Competent Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vector"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"C. Anika","family":"Bresk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Hofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"},{"name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Viral Immunotherapy of Cancer, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Wilmschen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Krismer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Beierfu\u00df","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory Animal Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gr\u00e9gory","family":"Effantin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, 38044 Grenoble, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5532-4959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Winfried","family":"Weissenhorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, 38044 Grenoble, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6244-2993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Hogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea P. O.","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca S.","family":"Gelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Montefiori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hua-Xin","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joern E.","family":"Schmitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barton F.","family":"Haynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorothee","family":"von Laer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janine","family":"Kimpel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"UNAIDS (2016). 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