{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T19:08:13Z","timestamp":1773947293610,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,22]],"date-time":"2019-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n","award":["1204-569-34190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1204-569-34190"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006071","name":"Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Proyectos Semilla"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Proyectos Semilla"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Vicerrectoria de Investigacion, Universidad de los Andes","award":["Finalizaci\u00f3n de poryectos 2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Finalizaci\u00f3n de poryectos 2016"]}]},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad de los Andes","award":["Financiaci\u00f3n, apoyo estudiantes"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Financiaci\u00f3n, apoyo estudiantes"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bacteriophages represent an alternative solution to control bacterial infections. When interacting, bacteria and phage can evolve, and this relationship is described as antagonistic coevolution, a pattern that does not fit all models. In this work, the model consisted of a microcosm of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and \u03c6San23 phage. Samples were taken for 12 days every 48 h. Bacteria and phage samples were collected; and isolated bacteria from each time point were challenged against phages from previous, contemporary, and subsequent time points. The phage plaque tests, with the genomics analyses, showed a mutational asymmetry dynamic in favor of the bacteria instead of antagonistic coevolution. This is important for future phage-therapy applications, so we decided to explore the population dynamics of Salmonella under different conditions: pressure of one phage, a combination of phages, and phages plus an antibiotic. The data from cultures with single and multiple phages, and antibiotics, were used to create a mathematical model exploring population and resistance dynamics of Salmonella under these treatments, suggesting a nonlethal, growth-inhibiting antibiotic may decrease resistance to phage-therapy cocktails. These data provide a deep insight into bacterial dynamics under different conditions and serve as additional criteria to select phages and antibiotics for phage-therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v11020188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,22]],"date-time":"2019-02-22T11:26:14Z","timestamp":1550834774000},"page":"188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Host Resistance, Genomics and Population Dynamics in a Salmonella Enteritidis and Phage System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1973-7128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela Victoria","family":"Holgu\u00edn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Los Andes, 111711 Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7015-0512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"C\u00e1rdenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Los Andes, 111711 Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catalina","family":"Prada-Pe\u00f1aranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Los Andes, 111711 Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Rabelo Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Ren\u00e9 Rachou, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Belo Horizonte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Buitrago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Los Andes, 111711 Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Clavijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Los Andes, 111711 Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guilherme","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Ren\u00e9 Rachou, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Belo Horizonte, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico Vale, 66055-090  Bel\u00e9m, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5674-0142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pimlapas","family":"Leekitcharoenphon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"M\u00f8ller Aarestrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7795-1494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martha J.","family":"Vives","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Los Andes, 111711 Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-14-356","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Salmonella Paratyphi B dT+ and Salmonella Heidelberg from poultry and retail chicken meat in Colombia by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis","volume":"78","author":"Byrne","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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