{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T12:30:01Z","timestamp":1770899401185,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 AI042853"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 AI042853"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000048","name":"American Cancer Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["131320-RSG-17-189-01-MPC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["131320-RSG-17-189-01-MPC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), the etiologic agent of Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma and other aggressive AIDS-associated malignancies, encodes over 90 genes, most of which are expressed only during the lytic replication cycle. The role of many of the KSHV lytic proteins in the KSHV replication cycle remains unknown, and many proteins are annotated based on known functions of homologs in other herpesviruses. Here we investigate the role of the previously uncharacterized KSHV lytic protein ORF42, a presumed tegument protein. We find that ORF42 is dispensable for reactivation from latency but is required for efficient production of viral particles. Like its alpha- and beta-herpesviral homologs, ORF42 is a late protein that accumulates in the viral particles. However, unlike its homologs, ORF42 appears to be required for efficient expression of at least some viral proteins and may potentiate post-transcriptional stages of gene expression. These results demonstrate that ORF42 has an important role in KSHV replication and may contribute to shaping viral gene expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v11080711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T11:58:16Z","timestamp":1564747096000},"page":"711","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The Kaposi\u2019s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Protein ORF42 Is Required for Efficient Virion Production and Expression of Viral Proteins"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Matthew","family":"Butnaru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1791-0663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta Maria","family":"Gaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7997879","article-title":"Identification of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-associated Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma","volume":"266","author":"Chang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199505043321802","article-title":"Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-related body-cavity-based lymphomas","volume":"332","author":"Cesarman","year":"1995","journal-title":"N. 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