{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:15:55Z","timestamp":1787030155926,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31772771"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31772771"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Key R\uff06D Program of China","award":["2016YFD0501102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFD0501102"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since 2015, severe outbreaks of hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS), caused by hypervirulent fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), have emerged in several provinces in China, posing a great threat to poultry industry. So far, factors contributing to the pathogenesis of hypervirulent FAdV-4 have not been fully uncovered. Elucidation of the pathogenesis of FAdV-4 will facilitate the development of effective FAdV-4 vaccine candidates for the control of HHS and vaccine vector. The interaction between pathogen and host defense system determines the pathogenicity of the pathogen. Therefore, the present review highlights the knowledge of both viral and host factors contributing to the pathogenesis of hypervirulent FAdV-4 strains to facilitate the related further studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v11080741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T06:38:02Z","timestamp":1565591882000},"page":"741","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Pathogenesis of Hypervirulent Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4: The Contributions of Viral and Host Factors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Zeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7505-4968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.030064-0","article-title":"Coding potential and transcript analysis of fowl adenovirus 4: Insight into upstream ORFs as common sequence features in adenoviral transcripts","volume":"92","author":"Griffin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"2","article-title":"Isolation of an adenovirus from hydropericardium syndrome in broiler chicks","volume":"1","author":"Khawaja","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pakistan J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.141.11.271","article-title":"Hydropericardium-hepatopathy syndrome in Asian poultry","volume":"141","author":"Asrani","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1080\/03079459994443","article-title":"Epidemiological studies on fowl adenoviruses isolated from cases of infectious hydropericardium","volume":"28","author":"Hess","year":"1999","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1637\/0005-2086(2002)046[0230:FASAWO]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 associated with outbreaks of infectious hydropericardium in Haryana, India","volume":"46","author":"Dahiya","year":"2002","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1637\/8178-112207-Case","article-title":"Outbreaks of hydropericardium syndrome and molecular characterization of Korean fowl adenoviral isolates","volume":"52","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.2307\/1592616","article-title":"Characterization of Fowl Adenoviruses from Outbreaks of Inclusion Body Hepatitis\/Hydropericardium Syndrome in Chile","volume":"43","author":"Toro","year":"1999","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.2307\/1592690","article-title":"Histology, immunohistochemistry, and ultrastructure of hydropericardium syndrome in adult broiler breeders and broiler chicks","volume":"42","author":"Abe","year":"1998","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VERC.0000012115.86894.1e","article-title":"The hydropericardium syndrome in poultry--a current scenario","volume":"28","author":"Balamurugan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"140","article-title":"Isolation of fowl adenoviruses serotype 4 from pigeons with hepatic necrosis","volume":"111","author":"Hess","year":"1998","journal-title":"Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.155.9.273","article-title":"Hydropericardium syndrome in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)","volume":"155","author":"Roy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2017.1311006","article-title":"The first whole genome sequence and pathogenicity characterization of a fowl adenovirus 4 isolated from ducks associated with inclusion body hepatitis and hydropericardium syndrome","volume":"46","author":"Pan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shen, Z., Xiang, B., Li, S., Ren, X., Hong, Y., Liao, J., Yu, D., Ren, T., Liao, M., and Xu, C. (2019). Genetic characterization of fowl adenovirus serotype 4 isolates in Southern China reveals potential cross-species transmission. Infect. Genet. Evol.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.103928"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00140-00116","DOI":"10.1128\/genomeA.00140-16","article-title":"Genome Sequence of a Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 Strain Lethal to Chickens, Isolated from China","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genome Announc."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e50","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2016.50","article-title":"Outbreaks of serotype 4 fowl adenovirus with novel genotype, China","volume":"5","author":"Ye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes Infect."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e117","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2016.115","article-title":"Genetic characterization of novel fowl aviadenovirus 4 isolates from outbreaks of hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in broiler chickens in China","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes Infect."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12500","article-title":"Hydropericardium Hepatitis Syndrome Emerged in Cherry Valley Ducks in China","volume":"64","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ren, G., Wang, H., Yan, Y., Liu, F., Huang, M., and Chen, R. (2019). Pathogenicity of a fowl adenovirus serotype 4 isolated from chickens associated with hydropericardium-hepatitis syndrome in China. Poult. Sci.","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez042"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01163","article-title":"Serological and Pathogenic Analyses of Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 (FAdV-4) Strain in Muscovy Ducks","volume":"9","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew431","article-title":"Characterization of a hypervirulent fowl adenovirus 4 with the novel genotype newly prevalent in China and establishment of reproduction infection model of hydropericardium syndrome in chickens","volume":"96","author":"Pan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2015.1125443","article-title":"Clinicopathological characterization and genomic sequence differences observed in a highly virulent fowl Aviadenovirus serotype 4","volume":"45","author":"Absalon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2684","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000567","article-title":"Hydropericardium syndrome outbreak caused by fowl adenovirus serotype 4 in China in 2015","volume":"97","author":"Niu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457708418228","article-title":"Avian adenoviruses\u2014a review","volume":"6","author":"Mcferran","year":"1977","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5115","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.8.5115-5122.1996","article-title":"A single gene encoding the fiber is responsible for variations in virulence in the fowl adenoviruses","volume":"70","author":"Pallister","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13,IN18","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(65)80076-6","article-title":"Antigens and structure of the adenovirus \u2020","volume":"13","author":"Valentine","year":"1965","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8270","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00048-07","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis and structural predictions of human adenovirus penton proteins as a basis for tissue-specific adenovirus vector design","volume":"81","author":"Ijad","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1038\/s41426-018-0203-1","article-title":"Fiber2 and hexon genes are closely associated with the virulence of the emerging and highly pathogenic fowl adenovirus 4","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes Infect."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pan, Q., Wang, J., Gao, Y., Cui, H., Liu, C., Qi, X., Zhang, Y., Wang, Y., and Wang, X. (2018). The Natural Large Genomic Deletion Is Unrelated to the Increased Virulence of the Novel Genotype Fowl Adenovirus 4 Recently Emerged in China. Viruses, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/v10090494"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-82-6-1465","article-title":"Defining CAR as a cellular receptor for the avian adenovirus CELO using a genetic analysis of the two viral fibre proteins","volume":"82","author":"Tan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5239","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.68.8.5239-5246.1994","article-title":"Characterization of the knob domain of the adenovirus type 5 fiber protein expressed in Escherichia coli","volume":"68","author":"Henry","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, J., Zhao, M., Duan, X., Wang, Y., Cao, H., Li, X., and Zheng, S.J. (2019). Requirement of Cellular Protein CCT7 for the Replication of Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 (FAdV-4) in Leghorn Male Hepatocellular Cells Via Interaction with the Viral Hexon Protein. Viruses, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/v11020107"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05760-11","article-title":"Identification of Adenovirus Serotype 5 Hexon Regions That Interact with Scavenger Receptors","volume":"86","author":"Khare","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22756","article-title":"Co-Chaperone BAG3 and Adenovirus Penton Base Protein Partnership","volume":"111","author":"Gout","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan, J.Y., Dong, J.N., Wu, J.X., Zhu, R., Wang, Z., Wang, B.M., Wang, L.Z., Wang, Z.X., Zhang, H.H., and Wu, H. (2016). Interaction between hexon and L4-100K determines virus rescue and growth of hexon-chimeric recombinant Ad5 vectors. Sci. Rep., 6.","DOI":"10.1038\/srep22464"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1212504","article-title":"Tethering of eIF4G to adenoviral mRNAs by viral 100k protein drives ribosome shunting","volume":"18","author":"Xi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9966","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.162082999","article-title":"Role of the E1A Rb-binding domain in repression of the NF-kappa B-dependent defense against tumor necrosis factor-alpha","volume":"99","author":"Cook","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4387","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/19.16.4387","article-title":"Inhibition of the cellular response to interferons by products of the adenovirus type 5 E1A oncogene","volume":"19","author":"Ackrill","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24886","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)35846-0","article-title":"Transcriptional repression of interleukin-6 gene by adenoviral E1A proteins","volume":"267","author":"Janaswami","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4432","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03387-12","article-title":"The Repression Domain of the E1B 55-Kilodalton Protein Participates in Countering Interferon-Induced Inhibition of Adenovirus Replication","volume":"87","author":"Chahal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.15.2.1060","article-title":"Modulation of p53-mediated transcriptional repression and apoptosis by the adenovirus E1B 19K protein","volume":"15","author":"Sabbatini","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(85)80079-9","article-title":"An adenovirus type 2 glycoprotein blocks cell surface expression of human histocompatibility class I antigens","volume":"41","author":"Burgert","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2007.09.017","article-title":"Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) serotype 4 causes depletion of B and T cells in lymphoid organs in specific pathogen-free chickens following experimental infection","volume":"121","author":"Schonewille","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.2307\/1593031","article-title":"Vertical induction of the inclusion body hepatitis\/hydropericardium syndrome with fowl adenovirus and chicken anemia virus","volume":"45","author":"Toro","year":"2001","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.019","article-title":"Newcastle disease virus-attenuated vaccine co-contaminated with fowl adenovirus and chicken infectious anemia virus results in inclusion body hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in poultry","volume":"218","author":"Su","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey153","article-title":"Chicken infectious anemia virus helps fowl adenovirus break the protection of maternal antibody and cause inclusion body hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in layers after using co-contaminated Newcastle disease virus-attenuated vaccine","volume":"98","author":"Su","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00049","article-title":"Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 SD0828 Infections Causes High Mortality Rate and Cytokine Levels in Specific Pathogen-Free Chickens Compared to Ducks","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2012.05.005","article-title":"Inflammation in viral myocarditis: Friend or foe?","volume":"18","author":"Corsten","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2871","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10752-6","article-title":"Crystal structure of an adenovirus virus-associated RNA","volume":"10","author":"Hood","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4035","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02160-10","article-title":"Adenovirus virus-associated RNAs induce type I interferon expression through a RIG-I-mediated pathway","volume":"85","author":"Takeharu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zou, J., Chang, M., Nie, P., and Secombes, C.J. (2009). Origin and evolution of the RIG-I like RNA helicase gene family. BMC Evol. Biol., 9.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-9-85"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5913","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1001755107","article-title":"Association of RIG-I with innate immunity of ducks to influenza","volume":"107","author":"Barber","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.02.015","article-title":"Pathogen recognition and innate immunity","volume":"124","author":"Akira","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1226625","article-title":"Coagulation factor X activates innate immunity to human species C adenovirus","volume":"338","author":"Doronin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2016.08.017","article-title":"Adenovirus sensing by the immune system","volume":"21","author":"Atasheva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Virol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Velova, H., Gutowska-Ding, M.W., Burt, D.W., and Vinkler, M. (2018). Toll-like receptor evolution in birds: Gene duplication, pseudogenisation and diversifying selection. Mol. Biol. Evol.","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msy119"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grgic, H., Poljak, Z., Sharif, S., and Nagy, E. (2013). Pathogenicity and cytokine gene expression pattern of a serotype 4 fowl adenovirus isolate. PLoS One, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0077601"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2014.05.010","article-title":"Recent insights into the evolution of innate viral sensing in animals","volume":"20","author":"Lewis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2018.05.005","article-title":"TLR2\/4 ligand-amplified liver inflammation promotes initiation of autoimmune hepatitis due to sustained IL-6\/IL-12\/IL-4\/IL-25 expression","volume":"99","author":"Chi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.07.014","article-title":"Fowl adenovirus serotype 4-induced apoptosis, autophagy, and a severe inflammatory response in liver","volume":"223","author":"Niu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.08.019","article-title":"Macrophage autophagy limits acute toxic liver injury in mice through down regulation of interleukin-1\u03b2","volume":"64","author":"Ilyas","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3043","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i17.3043","article-title":"Macrophage inflammatory protein-2 as mediator of inflammation in acute liver injury","volume":"23","author":"Qin","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.4.1559-1568.2002","article-title":"Activation of p38 and ERK signaling during adenovirus vector cell entry lead to expression of the C-X-C chemokine IP-10","volume":"76","author":"Tibbles","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4964","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07384-7","article-title":"Inflammasome activation negatively regulates MyD88-IRF7 type I IFN signaling and anti-malaria immunity","volume":"9","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niu, Y., Sun, Q., Liu, X., and Liu, S. (2018). Mechanism of fowl adenovirus serotype 4-induced heart damage and formation of pericardial effusion. Poult. Sci.","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey485"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niu, Y., Sun, Q., Shi, Y., Ding, Y., Li, Z., Sun, Y., Li, M., and Liu, S. (2019). Immunosuppressive potential of fowl adenovirus serotype 4. Poult. Sci.","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez179"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Gao, L., Xu, Z., Luo, D., Zhang, Y., Gao, Y., Liu, C., Zhang, Y., Qi, X., and Cui, H. (2019). Marek\u2019s Disease Virus RLORF4 Inhibits Type I Interferon Production by Antagonizing NF-\u03baB Activation. J. Virol.","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01037-19"},{"key":"ref_67","first-page":"1","article-title":"Highly virulent Marek\u2019s disease virus strains affect T lymphocyte function and viability of splenocytes in commercial meat-type chickens","volume":"7","author":"Gimeno","year":"2019","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2012.04.005","article-title":"Adenovirus receptors: Implications for targeting of viral vectors","volume":"33","author":"Arnberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5295","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2014.452","article-title":"C-Jun N-terminal kinases are required for oncolytic adenovirus-mediated autophagy","volume":"34","author":"Klein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.2217\/fvl.11.93","article-title":"Adenovirus, autophagy and lysis: Ecstasies and agonies","volume":"6","author":"Balvers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Future Virol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1883","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00514.2007","article-title":"Determination of cell types and numbers during cardiac development in the neonatal and adult rat and mouse","volume":"293","author":"Banerjee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-014-0428-7","article-title":"Cardiac fibroblasts support cardiac inflammation in heart failure","volume":"109","author":"Lindner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2016.11.005","article-title":"Characterization of fowl adenoviruses isolated between 2007 and 2014 in China","volume":"197","author":"Changjing","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1637\/9730-032011-Reg.1","article-title":"Identification and virulence characterization of fowl adenoviruses in Korea","volume":"55","author":"Lim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1080\/03079459808419335","article-title":"Some strains of serotype 4 fowl adenoviruses cause inclusion body hepatitis and hydropericardium syndrome in chickens","volume":"27","author":"Mazaheri","year":"1998","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.09.006","article-title":"Fowl adenovirus species C serotype 4 is attributed to the emergence of hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in chickens in China","volume":"45","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"ref_77","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pathogenicity of fowl adenovirus (FAdV) serotype 4 strain SDJN in Taizhou geese","volume":"31","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2017.1385724","article-title":"Fowl adenovirus-induced diseases and strategies for their control - a review on the current global situation","volume":"47","author":"Schachner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.19.2.1238","article-title":"Avian adenoviruses","volume":"19","author":"McFerran","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Tech."}],"container-title":["Viruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4915\/11\/8\/741\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:10:30Z","timestamp":1760188230000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4915\/11\/8\/741"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["v11080741"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v11080741","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-4915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1999-4915","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]]}}}