{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T16:23:43Z","timestamp":1769617423082,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,29]],"date-time":"2019-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Project for Prevention and Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases","award":["2017YFD0501804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFD0501804"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a new coronavirus that has been causing severe and fatal acute respiratory illnesses in humans since its outbreak in 2012, has raised public fear worldwide. The development of prophylactics and therapeutics is urgently needed to prevent and control MERS-CoV infections. In this study, a bacterium (Lactococcus lactis)-like particle (BLP) vaccine displaying the MERS-CoV receptor-binding domain (RBD) was developed, and gram-positive enhancer matrix (GEM) particles were used as substrates to externally bind to the MERS-CoV RBD through a protein anchor (PA). The designs included different numbers of lysin motif (LysM) repeats in the PAs linked by linkers (RBD-linker-PA2 (RLP2), RBD-linker-PA3 (RLP3) and RBD-PA3 (RP3)), and three LysM repeats and a linker in the fusion proteins increased the binding activity to the RBD. The specific immune responses were tested by intranasally immunizing mice with RLP3-GEM with or without the adjuvant GEL01. The results showed that GEL01-adjuvanted RLP3-GEM increased the systemic humoral, cellular and local mucosal immune responses in the mouse model, especially in the intestinal tract. The above results indicate that the MERS-CoV BLP product has the potential to be developed into a promising mucosal candidate vaccine to protect against MERS-CoV infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v11090799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,29]],"date-time":"2019-08-29T11:26:22Z","timestamp":1567077982000},"page":"799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["A Novel Bacterium-Like Particle Vaccine Displaying the MERS-CoV Receptor-Binding Domain Induces Specific Mucosal and Systemic Immune Responses in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Entao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"},{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"Animal Science and Technology College, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feihu","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuanyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"Animal Science and Technology College, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenshan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"Animal Science and Technology College, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guohua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengnan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruo","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"Animal Science and Technology College, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongli","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hualei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"Key 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China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiyang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuwei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongkun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7557-6982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Songtao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianzhu","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"The emergence of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus","volume":"71","author":"Miazgowicz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pathog. 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