{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T02:49:06Z","timestamp":1794019746450,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]],"date-time":"2020-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32OD011000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32OD011000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is a complex viral agent that causes a variety of clinical manifestations in cats, commonly known as feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). It is recognized that FCoV can occur in two different serotypes. However, differences in the S protein are much more than serological or antigenic variants, resulting in the effective presence of two distinct viruses. Here, we review the distinct differences in the S proteins of these viruses, which are likely to translate into distinct biological outcomes. We introduce a new concept related to the non-taxonomical classification and differentiation among FCoVs by analyzing and comparing the genetic, structural, and functional characteristics of FCoV and the FCoV S protein among the two serotypes and FCoV biotypes. Based on our analysis, we suggest that our understanding of FIP needs to consider whether the presence of these two distinct viruses has implications in clinical settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v12010083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]],"date-time":"2020-01-10T10:20:29Z","timestamp":1578651629000},"page":"83","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":140,"title":["A Tale of Two Viruses: The Distinct Spike Glycoproteins of Feline Coronaviruses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6706-092X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier A.","family":"Jaimes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8373-3688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean K.","family":"Millet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virologie et Immunologie Mol\u00e9culaires, INRAE, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7902-2509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alison E.","family":"Stout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3703-5026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole M.","family":"Andr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8037-3816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gary R.","family":"Whittaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"825","article-title":"Coronaviridae","volume":"Vol. 1","author":"Knipe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fields Virology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2014.11.021","article-title":"Host cell proteases: Critical determinants of coronavirus tropism and pathogenesis","volume":"202","author":"Millet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song, Z., Xu, Y., Bao, L., Zhang, L., Yu, P., Qu, Y., Zhu, H., Zhao, W., Han, Y., and Qin, C. 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