{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T03:51:33Z","timestamp":1790481093996,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]],"date-time":"2020-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CP13\/00114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CP13\/00114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI14CIII\/00014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI14CIII\/00014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We report the first human case of West Nile virus (WNV) lineage 2 infection imported to Spain by a traveler returning from Romania. Serum, cerebrospinal fluid and urine samples were analyzed and West Nile virus infection was identified by PCR and serological tests. The patient developed fever, diarrhea and neurological symptoms, accompanied by mild pancreatitis, described previously in very few cases as a complication of WNV infection and by alithiasic cholecystitis. Viral RNA was detected in urine until 30 days after the onset of symptoms and neutralizing antibodies were detected at very low titers. The phylogenetic analysis in a fragment of the NS5 gene of the virus showed a homology with sequences from WNV lineage 2 belonging to the monophyletic Central\/Southern European group.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v12020156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]],"date-time":"2020-01-29T10:51:07Z","timestamp":1580295067000},"page":"156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Imported Human West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Infection in Spain: Neurological and Gastrointestinal Complications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Velasco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9033-7704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Paz","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Seco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Campelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6981-1261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"de Ory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red en Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oriol","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Herrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9901-2487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Octavio J.","family":"Salmer\u00f3n B\u00e9liz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teodora","family":"Minguito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00aa Carmen","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Molero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Algora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Alcorc\u00f3n, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9872-3316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red en Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bai, F., Thompson, E.A., Vig, P.J.S., and Leis, A.A. 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