{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T21:00:31Z","timestamp":1778706031938,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]],"date-time":"2020-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vector competence is an important parameter in evaluating whether a species plays a role in transmission of an arbovirus. Although the protocols are similar, interpretation of results is unique given the specific interactions that exist between a mosquito population and a viral genotype. Here, we assessed the infection (IR), dissemination (DR), and transmission (TR) rates of Cx. pipiens s.l., collected from Iran, for West Nile virus (WNV) lineage 1a. We showed that Cx. pipiens s.l. mosquitoes in Iran were susceptible to WNV with IR up to 89.7%, 93.6%, and 83.9% at 7, 14, and 21 days post-infection (dpi) respectively. In addition, DR and TR reached respectively 92.3% and 75.0% at 21 dpi, and the number of viral particles delivered with saliva reached up to 1.33 \u00d7 105 particles. Therefore, an unexpected high risk of WNV dissemination in the region where Cx. pipiens s.l. mosquitoes are well established should be considered carefully and surveillance measures implemented accordingly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v12040397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,6]],"date-time":"2020-04-06T06:10:28Z","timestamp":1586153428000},"page":"397","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["High Transmission Potential of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 for Cx. pipiens s.l. of Iran"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8819-4561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hasan","family":"Bakhshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Malaria and Vector Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran P.O. Box 1316943551, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Mousson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, 75724 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Vazeille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, 75724 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sedigheh","family":"Zakeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malaria and Vector Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran P.O. Box 1316943551, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbasali","family":"Raz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malaria and Vector Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran P.O. Box 1316943551, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"de Lamballerie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 des Virus Emergents (UVE), Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9, IRD 190, INSERM 1207, IHU M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Navid","family":"Dinparast-Djadid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malaria and Vector Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran P.O. Box 1316943551, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6890-0820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna-Bella","family":"Failloux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, 75724 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Emergency department management of mosquito-borne illness: Malaria, dengue, and West Nile virus","volume":"16","author":"Caraballo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. Pract."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.53.103106.093258","article-title":"A global perspective on the epidemiology of West Nile virus","volume":"53","author":"Kramer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. 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