{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:02:37Z","timestamp":1789948957610,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MA 1289\/11-1, MU 1477\/10-1, MI 2143\/21, EI 423\/4-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MA 1289\/11-1, MU 1477\/10-1, MI 2143\/21, EI 423\/4-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Johannes und Frieda Marohn-Stiftung","award":["Alz\/Iko-Hahn\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Alz\/Iko-Hahn\/2019"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002745","name":"Bayerische Forschungsstiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DeeP-CMV\/AP-5\/MM"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DeeP-CMV\/AP-5\/MM"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002745","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001655","name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Kicuntod\/91686964"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Kicuntod\/91686964"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001655","name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DAAD-Go8\/2017-18\/MM-WDR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DAAD-Go8\/2017-18\/MM-WDR"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Herpesviruses uniquely express two essential nuclear egress-regulating proteins forming a heterodimeric nuclear egress complex (core NEC). These core NECs serve as hexameric lattice-structured platforms for capsid docking and recruit viral and cellular NEC-associated factors that jointly exert nuclear lamina as well as membrane-rearranging functions (multicomponent NEC). The regulation of nuclear egress has been profoundly analyzed for murine and human cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) on a mechanistic basis, followed by the description of core NEC crystal structures, first for HCMV, then HSV-1, PRV and EBV. Interestingly, the highly conserved structural domains of these proteins stand in contrast to a very limited sequence conservation of the key amino acids within core NEC-binding interfaces. Even more surprising, although a high functional consistency was found when regarding the basic role of NECs in nuclear egress, a clear specification was identified regarding the limited, subfamily-spanning binding properties of core NEC pairs and NEC multicomponent proteins. This review summarizes the evolving picture of the relationship between sequence coevolution, structural conservation and properties of NEC interaction, comparing HCMV to \u03b1-, \u03b2- and \u03b3-herpesviruses. Since NECs represent substantially important elements of herpesviral replication that are considered as drug-accessible targets, their putative translational use for antiviral strategies is discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v12060683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T10:54:59Z","timestamp":1592996099000},"page":"683","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Nuclear Egress Complexes of HCMV and Other Herpesviruses: Solving the Puzzle of Sequence Coevolution, Conserved Structures and Subfamily-Spanning Binding Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Manfred","family":"Marschall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Medical Center, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigrun","family":"H\u00e4ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Medical Center, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6352-9046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus","family":"Conrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sewar","family":"Alkhashrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jintawee","family":"Kicuntod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Medical Center, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Schweininger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), 91052 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Kriegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), 91052 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"L\u00f6sing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Medical Center, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Tillmanns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Medical Center, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Neipel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Medical Center, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6683-9456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jutta","family":"Eichler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0519-8928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yves A.","family":"Muller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), 91052 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5644-045X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heinrich","family":"Sticht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4437","article-title":"The pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus","volume":"235","author":"Griffiths","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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