{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T18:58:32Z","timestamp":1793213912902,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]],"date-time":"2020-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81971927"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971927"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Science and Technology Planning Project of Shenzhen City","award":["20190804095916056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20190804095916056"]}]},{"name":"the National Science and Technology Major Project of China","award":["2018ZX10731101-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018ZX10731101-002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the frequent outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases in recent years, an effective broad-spectrum antiviral drug is becoming an urgent need for global public health. Cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (CH25H) and its enzymatic products 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), a well-known oxysterol that regulates lipid metabolism, have been reported to play multiple functions in modulating cholesterol homeostasis, inflammation, and immune responses. CH25H and 25HC were recently identified as exerting broadly antiviral activities, including upon a variety of highly pathogenic viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola virus (EBOV), Nipah virus (NiV), Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), and Zika virus (ZIKV). The underlying mechanisms for its antiviral activities are being extensively investigated but have not yet been fully clarified. In this study, we summarized the current findings on how CH25H and 25HC play multiple roles to modulate cholesterol metabolism, inflammation, immunity, and antiviral infections. Overall, 25HC should be further studied as a potential therapeutic agent to control emerging infectious diseases in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v12070727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]],"date-time":"2020-07-06T09:49:11Z","timestamp":1594028951000},"page":"727","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Multifaceted Functions of CH25H and 25HC to Modulate the Lipid Metabolism, Immune Responses, and Broadly Antiviral Activities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0797-6404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 514400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaoshan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 514400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minchao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 514400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Musha","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 514400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2000-7053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caijun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 514400, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 514400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.09.010","article-title":"Lipids in innate antiviral defense","volume":"14","author":"Schoggins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hosomi, K., and Kunisawa, J. 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