{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:03:12Z","timestamp":1760238192937,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]],"date-time":"2020-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004421","name":"World Bank Group","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ACE02-WACCBIP: Awandare"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ACE02-WACCBIP: Awandare"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004421","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"DELTAS Africa Grant","award":["107755\/Z\/15\/Z: Awandare"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107755\/Z\/15\/Z: Awandare"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Flaviviruses are constantly evolving diverse immune evasion strategies, and the exploitation of the functions of suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS) and protein inhibitors of activated STATs (PIAS) to favour virus replication has been described for Dengue and Japanese encephalitis viruses but not for yellow fever virus (YFV), which is still of global importance despite the existence of an effective vaccine. Some mechanisms that YFV employs to evade host immune defence has been reported, but the expression patterns of SOCS and PIAS in infected cells is yet to be determined. Here, we show that SOCS1 is down-regulated early in YFV-infected HeLa and HEK 293T cells, while SOCS3 and SOCS5 are not significantly altered, and PIAS mRNA expression appears to follow a rise-dip pattern akin to circadian-controlled genes. We also demonstrate that YFV evades interferon-\u03b2 application to produce comparable viral titres. This report provides initial insight into the in vitro expression dynamics of SOCS and PIAS upon YFV infection and a basis for further investigation into SOCS\/PIAS expression and how these modulate the immune response in animal models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v12080802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T04:39:50Z","timestamp":1595824790000},"page":"802","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Yellow Fever Virus Down-Regulates mRNA Expression of SOCS1 in the Initial Phase of Infection in Human Cell Lines"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6903-0633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael B.","family":"Yakass","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Legon-Accra 00233, Ghana"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Cell &amp; Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra 00233, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GSK Vaccines, 1330 Rixensart, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0621-876X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osbourne","family":"Quaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Legon-Accra 00233, Ghana"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Cell &amp; Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra 00233, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032713-120156","article-title":"Innate immune sensing and signaling of cytosolic nucleic acids","volume":"32","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu. 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