{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T04:17:45Z","timestamp":1779250665365,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,15]],"date-time":"2020-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014269","name":"Uniwersytet Medyczny w Bia\u0142ymstoku","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SUB\/1\/DN\/20\/001\/1148"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUB\/1\/DN\/20\/001\/1148"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene","award":["BW-1\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BW-1\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Enteroviruses are common causes of infections of the central nervous system (CNS) that in temperate climates tend to peak in the summer. The aim of the study was to describe epidemiology, drivers of seasonality, and types of enteroviruses causing infections of the CNS in children in Northeastern Poland. We prospectively collected data on children hospitalized with infection of the CNS attributed to enteroviruses in Bialystok, Poland, from January 2015 to December 2019. In total, 224 children were included. Nineteen different enterovirus types were identified in isolates collected from 188 children. Coxsackie B5 (32%), echovirus 30 (20%), and echovirus 6 (14%) were the three most common types. Enteroviruses were more prevalent during the summer\u2013fall season. Infections caused by echovirus 30 peaked early in June and coxsackievirus B5 in July, whereas echovirus 6 peaked late in October. Phylogenetic analyses of these three enterovirus types showed multiple lineages co-circulating in this region. Mean air temperatures and precipitation rates were independently associated with monthly number of cases. Considering lack of effective treatment or vaccine, easy transmission of enteroviruses between susceptible individuals, their high mutation rate and prolonged time of viral shedding, continued monitoring and surveillance are imperative to recognize enteroviral infections of the CNS and the changes in circulation of enteroviruses in Poland.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v12080893","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T04:35:51Z","timestamp":1597638951000},"page":"893","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Pediatric Enteroviral Central Nervous System Infections in Bialystok, Poland: Epidemiology, Viral Types, and Drivers of Seasonal Variation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0309-6987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kacper","family":"Toczylowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8770-5131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Wieczorek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health\u2014National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Bojkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Wietlicka-Piszcz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theoretical Foundations of Biomedical Sciences and Medical Computer Science, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 9 M. Sk\u0142odowska-Curie St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beata","family":"Gad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health\u2014National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8391-4793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur","family":"Sulik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000911","article-title":"ICTV Virus taxonomy profile: Picornaviridae","volume":"98","author":"Zell","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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