{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T15:42:24Z","timestamp":1772552544775,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]],"date-time":"2020-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CBB-APQ-03081-17 and CBB- APQ-04295-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CBB-APQ-03081-17 and CBB- APQ-04295-17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004809","name":"Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FINEP-ZIKA institutional grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FINEP-ZIKA institutional grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006041","name":"Innovate UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["972216 (ARS)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["972216 (ARS)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Global Health (ODA)","award":["16\/107\/05 - Design, development and GMP manufacture of a Zika vaccine"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16\/107\/05 - Design, development and GMP manufacture of a Zika vaccine"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen that causes a disease characterized by the acute onset of fever accompanied by arthralgia and intense joint pain. Clinical similarities and cocirculation of this and other arboviruses in many tropical countries highlight the necessity for efficient and accessible diagnostic tools. CHIKV envelope proteins are highly conserved among alphaviruses and, particularly, the envelope 2 glycoprotein (CHIKV-E2) appears to be immunodominant and has a considerable serodiagnosis potential. Here, we investigate how glycosylation of CHIKV-E2 affects antigen\/antibody interaction and how this affects the performance of CHIKV-E2-based Indirect ELISA tests. We compare two CHIKV-E2 recombinant antigens produced in different expression systems: prokaryotic-versus eukaryotic-made recombinant proteins. CHIKV-E2 antigens are expressed either in E. coli BL21(DE3)\u2014a prokaryotic system unable to produce post-translational modifications\u2014or in HEK-293T mammalian cells\u2014a eukaryotic system able to add post-translational modifications, including glycosylation sites. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic recombinant CHIKV-E2 react strongly to anti-CHIKV IgG antibodies, showing accuracy levels that are higher than 90%. However, the glycan-added viral antigen presents better sensitivity and specificity (85 and 98%) than the non-glycosylated antigen (81 and 71%, respectively) in anti-CHIKV IgM ELISA assays.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v12090939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]],"date-time":"2020-08-26T09:05:37Z","timestamp":1598432737000},"page":"939","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Chikungunya E2 Protein Produced in E. coli and HEK293-T Cells\u2014Comparison of Their Performances in ELISA"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1578-6678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1via Fonseca","family":"Bagno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Tecnologia em Vacinas (CT-Vacinas), Parque Tecnol\u00f3gico da UFMG (BH-Tec), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG 31320-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia Molecular e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas (ICB\/UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG 31270-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3556-6701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara Carvalho","family":"God\u00f3i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Tecnologia em Vacinas (CT-Vacinas), Parque Tecnol\u00f3gico da UFMG (BH-Tec), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG 31320-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Col\u00e9gio T\u00e9cnico da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (COLTEC), Belo Horizonte-MG 31270-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Marta","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Tecnologia em Vacinas (CT-Vacinas), Parque Tecnol\u00f3gico da UFMG (BH-Tec), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG 31320-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6101-660X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah Aparecida Rodrigues","family":"S\u00e9rgio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Tecnologia em Vacinas (CT-Vacinas), Parque Tecnol\u00f3gico da UFMG (BH-Tec), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG 31320-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tha\u00eds de F\u00e1tima Silva","family":"Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Tecnologia em Vacinas (CT-Vacinas), Parque Tecnol\u00f3gico da UFMG (BH-Tec), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG 31320-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia Molecular e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas (ICB\/UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG 31270-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia de Castro","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Tecnologia em Vacinas (CT-Vacinas), Parque Tecnol\u00f3gico da UFMG (BH-Tec), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG 31320-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2847-9407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young Chan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Henry Wellcome Building for Molecular Physiology, Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2648-1696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arturo","family":"Reyes-Sandoval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Henry Wellcome Building for Molecular Physiology, Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1vio Guimar\u00e3es","family":"da Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Tecnologia em Vacinas (CT-Vacinas), Parque Tecnol\u00f3gico da UFMG (BH-Tec), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG 31320-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia Molecular e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas (ICB\/UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG 31270-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70107-X","article-title":"Chikungunya, an epidemic arbovirosis","volume":"7","author":"Pialoux","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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