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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, which post- transcriptionally regulate gene expression. They are involved in various processes including neurological development and host responses to viral infection, but their potential role in ZIKV pathogenesis remains poorly understood. MiRNAs can be incorporated into extracellular vesicles (EVs) and mediate cell-to-cell communication. While it is well known that in viral infections EVs carrying miRNAs can play a crucial role in disease pathogenesis, ZIKV effects on EV-delivered miRNAs and their contribution to ZIKV pathogenesis have not been elucidated. In the present study, we profiled intracellular and EV-derived miRNAs by next generation sequencing and analyzed the host mRNA transcriptome of neural stem cells during infection with ZIKV Uganda and French Polynesia strains. We identified numerous miRNAs, including miR-4792, which were dysregulated at the intracellular level and had altered levels in EVs during ZIKV infection. Integrated analyses of differentially expressed genes and miRNAs showed that ZIKV infection had an impact on processes associated with neurodevelopment and oxidative stress. Our results provide insights into the roles of intracellular and EV-associated host miRNAs in ZIKV pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v12111219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]],"date-time":"2020-10-28T11:43:06Z","timestamp":1603885386000},"page":"1219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Impact of Zika Virus Infection on Human Neural Stem Cell MicroRNA Signatures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0799-4103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denna","family":"Tabari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, 53175 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1463-5619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catharina","family":"Scholl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, 53175 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6445-8593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Steffens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, 53175 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Weickhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, 53175 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Elgner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8991-126X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Bender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Luise","family":"Herrlein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0586-1235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina","family":"Sabino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vesselina","family":"Semkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, LIFE &amp; BRAIN Center, University of Bonn Medical Faculty &amp; University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Peitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, LIFE &amp; BRAIN Center, University of Bonn Medical Faculty &amp; University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"},{"name":"Cell Programming Core Facility, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53172 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0139-9143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Till","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, LIFE &amp; BRAIN Center, University of Bonn Medical Faculty &amp; University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Br\u00fcstle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, LIFE &amp; BRAIN Center, University of Bonn Medical Faculty &amp; University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3020-9564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eberhard","family":"Hildt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Stingl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(52)90042-4","article-title":"Zika Virus (I). 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