{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T06:41:02Z","timestamp":1762324862627,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004916","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["268\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["268\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004916","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health of Brazil (PPSUS and DECIT)","award":["51\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Le\u00f4nidas and Maria Deane Institute (ILMD\/ Fiocruz Amaz\u00f4nia) in partnership with the Nacional Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["400911\/2018-3n"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["400911\/2018-3n"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Zika virus can induce a disruptive sequence in the fetal brain and is manifested mainly by microcephaly. Knowledge gaps still exist as to whether the virus can cause minor disorders that are perceived later on during the first years of life in children who are exposed but are asymptomatic at birth. In this case series, we describe the outcomes related to neurodevelopment through the neurological assessment of 26 non-microcephalic children who had intrauterine exposure to Zika virus. Children were submitted for neurological examinations and Bayley Scales-III (cognition, language, and motor performance). The majority (65.4%) obtained satisfactory performance in neurodevelopment. The most impaired domain was language, with 30.7% impairment. Severe neurological disorders occurred in five children (19.2%) and these were spastic hemiparesis, epilepsy associated with congenital macrocephaly (Zika and human immunodeficiency virus), two cases of autism (one exposed to Zika and Toxoplasma gondii) and progressive sensorineural hearing loss (GJB2 mutation). We concluded that non-microcephalic children with intrauterine exposure to Zika virus, in their majority, had achieved satisfactory performance in all neurodevelopmental domains. One third of the cases had some impairment, but the predominant group had mild alterations, with low occurrence of moderate to severe disorders, similar to other studies in Brazil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v12111335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T09:46:18Z","timestamp":1605865578000},"page":"1335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Neurological Findings in Children without Congenital Microcephaly Exposed to Zika Virus in Utero: A Case Series Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4093-226X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00edlia Rosa","family":"Abtibol-Bernardino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, University of Amazonas State, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luc\u00edola de F\u00e1tima Albuquerque","family":"de Almeida Peixoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, University of Amazonas State, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geruza Alfaia","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Medicine Foundation Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatiane Freitas","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Ribeiro Ivo","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Medicine Foundation Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8908-2190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo Haruo","family":"Otani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Amazonas State, Manaus 69065-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatriz Caroline","family":"Soares Chaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, University of Amazonas State, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"de Souza Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, University of Amazonas State, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7041-620X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anny Beatriz Costa Antony","family":"de Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Living Conditions and Health Situations in the Amazon PPGVIDA, Le\u00f4nidas &amp; Maria Deane Institute, Fiocruz Amazonia, Manaus 69057-070, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elijane","family":"de Fatima Redivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, University of Amazonas State, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salete Sara","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, University of Amazonas State, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcia","family":"da Costa Castilho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Tropical Medicine Foundation Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvana","family":"Gomes Benzecry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Amazonas State, Manaus 69065-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6867-4931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila","family":"B\u00f4tto-Menezes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, University of Amazonas State, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Amazonas State, Manaus 69065-001, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Malaria, Tropical Medicine Foundation Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0325-3674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flor Ernestina","family":"Martinez-Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, University of Amazonas State, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Living Conditions and Health Situations in the Amazon PPGVIDA, Le\u00f4nidas &amp; Maria Deane Institute, Fiocruz Amazonia, Manaus 69057-070, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Malaria, Tropical Medicine Foundation Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Territory, Environment, Health and Sustainability, Le\u00f4nidas &amp; Maria Deane Institute, Fiocruz Amazonia, Manaus 69057-070, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria das Gra\u00e7as","family":"Costa Alecrim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, University of Amazonas State, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Malaria, Tropical Medicine Foundation Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Medical Course Coordination, Manaus Metropolitan College\/FAMETRO, Manaus 69050-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2015.252","article-title":"Early Adverse Experiences and the Developing Brain","volume":"41","author":"Bick","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2009.01380.x","article-title":"How the Timing and Quality of Early Experiences Influence the Development of Brain Architecture","volume":"81","author":"Fox","year":"2010","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579415000061","article-title":"Early life nutrition and neural plasticity","volume":"27","author":"Georgieff","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev. 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