{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T01:12:40Z","timestamp":1787620360723,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,12]],"date-time":"2020-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN-2019-06661"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2019-06661"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A number of characteristics including lack of virulence and the ability to grow to high titers, have made bovine adenovirus-3 (BAdV-3) a vector of choice for further development as a vaccine-delivery vehicle for cattle. Despite the importance of blood leukocytes, including dendritic cells (DC), in the induction of protective immune responses, little is known about the interaction between BAdV-3 and bovine blood leukocytes. Here, we demonstrate that compared to other leukocytes, bovine blood monocytes and neutrophils are significantly transduced by BAdV404a (BAdV-3, expressing enhanced yellow green fluorescent protein [EYFP]) at a MOI of 1\u20135 without a significant difference in the mean fluorescence of EYFP expression. Moreover, though expression of some BAdV-3-specific proteins was observed, no progeny virions were detected in the transduced monocytes or neutrophils. Interestingly, addition of the \u201cRGD\u201d motif at the C-terminus of BAdV-3 minor capsid protein pIX (BAV888) enhanced the ability of the virus to enter the monocytes without altering the tropism of BAdV-3. The increased uptake of BAV888 by monocytes was associated with a significant increase in viral genome copies and the abundance of EYFP and BAdV-3 19K transcripts compared to BAdV404a-transduced monocytes. Our results suggest that BAdV-3 efficiently transduces monocytes and neutrophils in the absence of viral replication. Moreover, RGD-modified capsid significantly increases vector uptake without affecting the initial interaction with monocytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v12121431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,13]],"date-time":"2020-12-13T23:39:36Z","timestamp":1607902776000},"page":"1431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Bovine Adenovirus-3 Tropism for Bovine Leukocyte Sub-Populations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sugandhika","family":"Khosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VIDO-InterVac., 120 Veterinary Road, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada"},{"name":"Vaccinology &amp; Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Bravo Araya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VIDO-InterVac., 120 Veterinary Road, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada"},{"name":"Vaccinology &amp; Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Griebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VIDO-InterVac., 120 Veterinary Road, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada"},{"name":"Vaccinology &amp; Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasa","family":"Arsic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VIDO-InterVac., 120 Veterinary Road, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suresh","family":"Tikoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VIDO-InterVac., 120 Veterinary Road, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada"},{"name":"Vaccinology &amp; Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2004.07.013","article-title":"Adenoviruses as vaccine vectors","volume":"10","author":"Tatsis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. 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