{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T22:08:31Z","timestamp":1793138911149,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]],"date-time":"2021-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Brazilian National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) \/ S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)","award":["441105\/2016-5 \/ 2016\/08204-2."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["441105\/2016-5 \/ 2016\/08204-2."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dengue virus (DENV) is the most widespread arthropod-borne virus, with the number and severity of outbreaks increasing worldwide in recent decades. Dengue is caused by genetically distinct serotypes, DENV-1\u20134. Here, we present data on DENV-1, isolated from patients with dengue fever during an outbreak in Senegal and Mali (Western Africa) in 2015\u20132019, that were analyzed by sequencing the envelope (E) gene. The emergence and the dynamics of DENV-1 in Western Africa were inferred by using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. The DENV-1 grouped into a monophyletic cluster that was closely related to those from Southeast Asia. The virus appears to have been introduced directly into Medina Gounass (Suburb of Dakar), Senegal (location probability = 0.301, posterior = 0.76). The introduction of the virus in Senegal occurred around 2014 (95% HPD = 2012.88\u20132014.84), and subsequently, the virus moved to regions within Senegal (e.g., Louga and Fatick), causing intense outbreaks in the subsequent years. The virus appears to have been introduced in Mali (a neighboring country) after its introduction in Senegal. In conclusion, we present evidence that the outbreak caused by DENV-1 in urban environments in Senegal and Mali after 2015 was caused by a single viral introduction from Asia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v13010057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]],"date-time":"2021-01-04T08:35:19Z","timestamp":1609749319000},"page":"57","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Origin and Spread of the Dengue Virus Type 1, Genotype V in Senegal, 2015\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8584-5592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Idrissa","family":"Dieng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arboviruses and Haemorrhagic Fever Viruses Unit, Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar BP 220, Senegal"},{"name":"Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science et Technics, Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar(UCAD), Fann BP 5005, Dakar, Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2102-631X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marielton dos Passos","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5461-5623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moussa Mo\u00efse","family":"Diagne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arboviruses and Haemorrhagic Fever Viruses Unit, Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar BP 220, Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pape Mback\u00e9","family":"Semb\u00e8ne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science et Technics, Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar(UCAD), Fann BP 5005, Dakar, Senegal"},{"name":"BIOPASS (IRD-CBGP, ISRA, UCAD), Campus de Bel-Air, BP 1386, Dakar CP 18524, Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo Marinho de Andrade","family":"Zanotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ousmane","family":"Faye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arboviruses and Haemorrhagic Fever Viruses Unit, Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar BP 220, Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oumar","family":"Faye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arboviruses and Haemorrhagic Fever Viruses Unit, Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar BP 220, Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amadou Alpha","family":"Sall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arboviruses and Haemorrhagic Fever Viruses Unit, Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar BP 220, Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"504","article-title":"The Global Distribution and Burden of Dengue and Japanese Encephalitis Co-Infection in Acute Encephalitis Syndrome","volume":"496","author":"Saxena","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. 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