{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T18:16:45Z","timestamp":1780510605350,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus share similarities such as clinical features and outcome, laboratory, and radiological findings. Methods: Literature search was done using PubMed to find MEDLINE indexed articles relevant to this study. As of 25 November 2020, the search has been conducted by combining the MeSH words \u201cCOVID-19\u201d and \u201cInfluenza\u201d. Results: Eighteen articles were finally selected in adult patients. Comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and obesity were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients, while pulmonary diseases and immunocompromised conditions were significantly more common in influenza patients. The incidence rates of fever, vomiting, ocular and otorhinolaryngological symptoms were found to be significantly higher in influenza patients when compared with COVID-19 patients. However, neurologic symptoms and diarrhea were statistically more frequent in COVID-19 patients. The level of white cell count and procalcitonin was significantly higher in influenza patients, whereas thrombopenia and elevated transaminases were significantly more common in COVID-19 patients. Ground-grass opacities, interlobular septal thickening, and a peripheral distribution were more common in COVID-19 patients than in influenza patients where consolidations and linear opacities were described instead. COVID-19 patients were significantly more often transferred to intensive care unit with a higher rate of mortality. Conclusions: This study estimated differences of COVID-19 and influenza patients which can help clinicians during the co-circulation of the two viruses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v13030452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T20:51:42Z","timestamp":1615409502000},"page":"452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["A Comparative Systematic Review of COVID-19 and Influenza"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9598-2486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Molka","family":"Osman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1007, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timoth\u00e9e","family":"Klopfenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Department, Nord Franche-Comt\u00e9 Hospital, 90400 Tr\u00e9venans, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nabil","family":"Belfeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Groupe Hospitalier Sud Ile de France, 77000 Melun, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9220-9359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincent","family":"Gendrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Department, Nord Franche-Comt\u00e9 Hospital, 90400 Tr\u00e9venans, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3177-9806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Souheil","family":"Zayet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Department, Nord Franche-Comt\u00e9 Hospital, 90400 Tr\u00e9venans, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","article-title":"A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019","volume":"382","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. 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