{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T22:52:18Z","timestamp":1776293538842,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of the Korean Government","award":["2017R1D1A1B03029709"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017R1D1A1B03029709"]}]},{"name":"Korea Brain Research Institute","award":["20-BR-02-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20-BR-02-19"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In synucleinopathies such as Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy body (DLB), pathological alpha-synuclein (\u03b1-syn) aggregates are found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract as well as in the brain. In this study, using real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC), we investigated the presence of \u03b1-syn seeding activity in the brain and colon tissue of G2-3 transgenic mice expressing human A53T \u03b1-syn. Here we show that pathological \u03b1-syn aggregates with seeding activity were present in the colon of G2-3 mice as early as 3 months old, which is in the presymptomatic stage prior to the observation of any neurological abnormalities. In contrast, \u03b1-syn seeding activity was not detectable in 3 month-old mouse brains and only identified at 6 months of age in one of three mice. In the symptomatic stage of 12 months of age, RT-QuIC seeding activity was consistently detectable in both the brain and colon of G2-3 mice. Our results indicate that the RT-QuIC assay can presymptomatically detect pathological \u03b1-syn aggregates in the colon of G2-3 mice several months prior to their detection in brain tissue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v13050759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T06:19:11Z","timestamp":1619504351000},"page":"759","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Preclinical Detection of Alpha-Synuclein Seeding Activity in the Colon of a Transgenic Mouse Model of Synucleinopathy by RT-QuIC"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jung-Youn","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Animal Center, Division of Research Strategy, Korea Brain Research Institute, 61 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41068, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaewon","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejon 35015, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9302-8664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young Pyo","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Animal Center, Division of Research Strategy, Korea Brain Research Institute, 61 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41068, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2804","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.08-08-02804.1988","article-title":"Synuclein: A neuron-specific protein localized to the nucleus and presynaptic nerve terminal","volume":"8","author":"Maroteaux","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. 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