{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T18:10:35Z","timestamp":1785435035762,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U1604232"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1604232"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Henan Thousand Talents Program-Leading Talents in Basic Research","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006407","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["212300410359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["212300410359"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key R&amp;D and Promotion Project of Henan Province","award":["212102110097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["212102110097"]}]},{"name":"Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars from Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences","award":["2019JQ01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019JQ01"]}]},{"name":"BSRC Newton Fund Joint Centre Awards on \u201cUK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases\u201d","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, the CRISPR\/Cas9-based gene-editing techniques have been well developed and applied widely in several aspects of research in the biological sciences, in many species, including humans, animals, plants, and even in viruses. Modification of the viral genome is crucial for revealing gene function, virus pathogenesis, gene therapy, genetic engineering, and vaccine development. Herein, we have provided a brief review of the different technologies for the modification of the viral genomes. Particularly, we have focused on the recently developed CRISPR\/Cas9-based gene-editing system, detailing its origin, functional principles, and touching on its latest achievements in virology research and applications in vaccine development, especially in large DNA viruses of humans and animals. Future prospects of CRISPR\/Cas9-based gene-editing technology in virology research, including the potential shortcomings, are also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v13050779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T22:29:07Z","timestamp":1619648947000},"page":"779","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Latest Advances of Virology Research Using CRISPR\/Cas9-Based Gene-Editing Technology and Its Application to Vaccine Development"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2784-4169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Man","family":"Teng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs &amp; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongxiu","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pirbright Institute &amp; UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Pirbright, Ash Road, Guildford, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8255-516X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Venugopal","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pirbright Institute &amp; UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Pirbright, Ash Road, Guildford, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7351-8180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs &amp; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5637","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.11.5637-5645.2002","article-title":"Complete, Long-Lasting Protection against Lethal Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Challenge by a Single Vaccination with an Avian Herpesvirus Vector Expressing VP2 Antigens","volume":"76","author":"Tsukamoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. 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