{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T07:38:30Z","timestamp":1764401910307,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]],"date-time":"2021-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000277","name":"Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SE0431"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SE0431"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000277","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Horizon 2020","award":["European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under RABYD-VAX grant agreement No. 733176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under RABYD-VAX grant agreement No. 733176"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rabies is a fatal encephalitis caused by an important group of viruses within the Lyssavirus genus. The prototype virus, rabies virus, is still the most commonly reported lyssavirus and causes approximately 59,000 human fatalities annually. The human and animal burden of the other lyssavirus species is undefined. The original reports for the novel lyssavirus, Kotalahti bat lyssavirus (KBLV), were based on the detection of viral RNA alone. In this report we describe the successful generation of a live recombinant virus, cSN-KBLV; where the full-length genome clone of RABV vaccine strain, SAD-B19, was constructed with the glycoprotein of KBLV. Subsequent in vitro characterisation of cSN-KBLV is described here. In addition, the ability of a human rabies vaccine to confer protective immunity in vivo following challenge with this recombinant virus was assessed. Na\u00efve or vaccinated mice were infected intracerebrally with a dose of 100 focus-forming units\/30 \u00b5L of cSN-KBLV; all na\u00efve mice and 8% (n = 1\/12) of the vaccinated mice succumbed to the challenge, whilst 92% (n = 11\/12) of the vaccinated mice survived to the end of the experiment. This report provides strong evidence for cross-neutralisation and cross-protection of cSN-KBLV using purified Vero cell rabies vaccine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v13050947","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]],"date-time":"2021-05-20T11:45:57Z","timestamp":1621511157000},"page":"947","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Assessing Rabies Vaccine Protection against a Novel Lyssavirus, Kotalahti Bat Lyssavirus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Shipley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-Borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Weybridge, London KT15 3NB, UK"},{"name":"School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7041-5138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7680-5110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian Z. X.","family":"Lean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), New Haw, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7529-7844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Selden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-Borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Weybridge, London KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel L.","family":"Horton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3243-6154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony R.","family":"Fooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-Borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Weybridge, London KT15 3NB, UK"},{"name":"Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1286-9825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley C.","family":"Banyard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-Borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Weybridge, London KT15 3NB, UK"},{"name":"School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK"},{"name":"Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3023","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-020-04731-2","article-title":"2020 taxonomic update for phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales","volume":"165","author":"Kuhn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. 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