{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T23:32:32Z","timestamp":1785195152090,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,12]],"date-time":"2021-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Horizon 2020","award":["734548"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["734548"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: In 2015\u20132016, a large Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak occurred in the Americas. Although the exact ZIKV antibody kinetics after infection are unknown, recent evidence indicates the rapid waning of ZIKV antibodies in humans. Therefore, we aimed to determine the levels of ZIKV antibodies more than three years after a ZIKV infection. Methods: We performed ZIKV virus neutralization tests (VNT) and a commercial ZIKV non-structural protein 1 (NS1) IgG ELISA in a cohort of 49 participants from Suriname who had a polymerase-chain-reaction-confirmed ZIKV infection more than three years ago. Furthermore, we determined the presence of antibodies against multiple dengue virus (DENV) antigens. Results: The ZIKV seroprevalence in this cohort, assessed with ZIKV VNT and ZIKV NS1 IgG ELISA, was 59.2% and 63.3%, respectively. There was, however, no correlation between these two tests. Furthermore, we did not find evidence of a potential negative influence of DENV immunity on ZIKV antibody titers. Conclusions: ZIKV seroprevalence, assessed with two commonly used serological tests, was lower than expected in this cohort of participants who had a confirmed previous ZIKV infection. This can have implications for future ZIKV seroprevalence studies and possibly for the duration of immunological protection after a ZIKV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v13071345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,12]],"date-time":"2021-07-12T21:56:52Z","timestamp":1626127012000},"page":"1345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Zika Virus Antibody Titers Three Years after Confirmed Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4340-1560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Langerak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Viroscience, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5860-3582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louella M. R.","family":"Kasbergen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Viroscience, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3465-6409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felicity","family":"Chandler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Viroscience, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Brinkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Viroscience, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z\u00e9fia","family":"Faerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Hospital Paramaribo, Paramaribo, Suriname"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kajal","family":"Phalai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Hospital Paramaribo, Paramaribo, Suriname"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Ulbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1317-5857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Rockstroh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erwin de","family":"Bruin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Viroscience, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5204-2312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marion P. G.","family":"Koopmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Viroscience, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barry","family":"Rockx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Viroscience, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric C. M.","family":"van Gorp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Viroscience, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Vreden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Hospital Paramaribo, Paramaribo, Suriname"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(52)90042-4","article-title":"Zika virus. I. Isolations and serological specificity","volume":"46","author":"Dick","year":"1952","journal-title":"Trans. R Soc. Trop Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00072-15","article-title":"Zika Virus","volume":"29","author":"Musso","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. 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