{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T23:37:25Z","timestamp":1784936245238,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003549","name":"Hungarian Scientific Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K120201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K120201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003549","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV), an avian picornavirus, causes high-mortality acute disease in ducklings. Among the three serotypes, DHAV-1 is globally distributed, whereas DHAV-2 and DHAV-3 serotypes are chiefly restricted to Southeast Asia. In this study, we analyzed the genomic evolution of DHAV-1 strains using extant GenBank records and genomic sequences of 10 DHAV-1 strains originating from a large disease outbreak in 2004\u20132005, in Hungary. Recombination analysis revealed intragenotype recombination within DHAV-1 as well as intergenotype recombination events involving DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 strains. The intergenotype recombination occurred in the VP0 region. Diversifying selection seems to act at sites of certain genomic regions. Calculations estimated slightly lower rates of evolution of DHAV-1 (mean rates for individual protein coding regions, 5.6286 \u00d7 10\u22124 to 1.1147 \u00d7 10\u22123 substitutions per site per year) compared to other picornaviruses. The observed evolutionary mechanisms indicate that whole-genome-based analysis of DHAV strains is needed to better understand the emergence of novel strains and their geographical dispersal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v13081592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T21:48:12Z","timestamp":1628718492000},"page":"1592","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Genomic Epidemiology and Evolution of Duck Hepatitis A Virus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Enik\u0151","family":"Feh\u00e9r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hung\u00e1ria krt 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Szilvia","family":"Jakab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hung\u00e1ria krt 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krisztina","family":"Bali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hung\u00e1ria krt 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eszter","family":"Kaszab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hung\u00e1ria krt 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Borb\u00e1la","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hung\u00e1ria krt 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katalin","family":"Ih\u00e1sz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hung\u00e1ria krt 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1d\u00e1m","family":"B\u00e1lint","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, T\u00e1bornok utca 2, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3319-9995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vilmos","family":"Palya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ceva-Phylaxia Veterinary Biologicals Co., Ltd., H-1107 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kriszti\u00e1n","family":"B\u00e1nyai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hung\u00e1ria krt 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Istv\u00e1n utca 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hisham, I., Ellakany, H.F., Selim, A.A., Abdalla, M.A.M., El-Abideen, M.A.Z., Kilany, W.H., Ali, A., and Elbestawy, A.R. 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