{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T03:57:56Z","timestamp":1793246276652,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>It was late 2015 when Northeast Brazil noticed a worrying increase in neonates born with microcephaly and other congenital malformations. These abnormalities, characterized by an abnormally small head and often neurological impairment and later termed Congenital Zika Syndrome, describe the severity of neurodevelopmental and nephrological outcomes in early childhood, and the implication of microcephaly at birth. The purpose of the study was to describe the neurodevelopmental outcomes in children exposed to Zika virus during fetal life, with and without microcephaly at birth. The systematic review included research studies about the neurodevelopmental outcomes with and without microcephaly, as well as nephrological outcomes in early childhood. We searched PubMed, Crossref, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Google Scholar publications and selected 19 research articles published from 2018 to 2021. Most studies have linked the severity of microcephaly in childbirth to the neurodevelopmental and urinary outcomes in early childhood. However, most children without microcephaly at birth develop typically, while others may be at risk for language impairment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v13081671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T23:19:33Z","timestamp":1629760773000},"page":"1671","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Congenital Zika Infection and the Risk of Neurodevelopmental, Neurological, and Urinary Track Disorders in Early Childhood. A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4494-3089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelia","family":"Antoniou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Midwifery, Egaleo Park Campus, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7458-7500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eirini","family":"Orovou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Midwifery, Egaleo Park Campus, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paraskevi Eva","family":"Andronikidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evaggelismos General Hospital of Athens, Ypsilandou 45-47, 10576 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Orovas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Products and Systems Design Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 50100 Kozani, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Rigas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Midwifery, Egaleo Park Campus, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ermioni","family":"Palaska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Midwifery, Egaleo Park Campus, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1100-4627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angeliki","family":"Sarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Midwifery, Egaleo Park Campus, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Iatrakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Midwifery, Egaleo Park Campus, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2136-819X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chrysa","family":"Voyiatzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Egaleo Park Campus, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"e3025","article-title":"Zika Virus: A Review of Literature","volume":"10","author":"Agumadu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"WHO (2020, October 25). Director-General Summarizes the Outcome of the Emergency Committee Regarding Clusters of Microcephaly and Guillain-Barr\u00e9 Syndrome. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/01-02-2016-who-director-general-summarizes-the-outcome-of-the-emergency-committee-regarding-clusters-of-microcephaly-and-guillain-barr\u00e9-syndrome."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S2414-6447(19)30178-2","article-title":"Research Progress of the Causal Link between Zika Virus and Microcephaly","volume":"2","author":"Yan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glob. 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