{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T08:17:50Z","timestamp":1774945070141,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI132132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI132132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI138647"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI138647"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI116382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI116382"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI139341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI139341"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI132563"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI132563"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AAH9849"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AAH9849"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infants exposed to Zika virus (ZIKV) prenatally may develop birth defects, developmental deficits, or remain asymptomatic. It is unclear why some infants are more affected than others, although enhancement of maternal ZIKV infection via immunity to an antigenically similar virus, dengue virus (DENV), may play a role. We hypothesized that DENV immunity may worsen prenatal ZIKV infection and developmental deficits in offspring. We utilized a translational macaque model to examine how maternal DENV immunity influences ZIKV-exposed infant macaque neurodevelopment in the first month of life. We inoculated eight macaques with prior DENV infection with ZIKV, five macaques with ZIKV, and four macaques with saline. DENV\/ZIKV-exposed infants had significantly worse visual orientation skills than ZIKV-exposed infants whose mothers were DENV-naive, with no differences in motor, sensory or state control development. ZIKV infection characteristics and pregnancy outcomes did not individually differ between dams with and without DENV immunity, but when multiple factors were combined in a multivariate model, maternal DENV immunity combined with ZIKV infection characteristics and pregnancy parameters predicted select developmental outcomes. We demonstrate that maternal DENV immunity exacerbates visual orientation and tracking deficits in ZIKV-exposed infant macaques, suggesting that human studies should evaluate how maternal DENV immunity impacts long-term neurodevelopment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v13091878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T22:35:20Z","timestamp":1632263720000},"page":"1878","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Neonatal Development in Prenatally Zika Virus-Exposed Infant Macaques with Dengue Immunity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Karla","family":"Ausderau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"},{"name":"Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Kabakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elaina","family":"Razo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann M.","family":"Mitzey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathryn M.","family":"Bach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3874-4577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chelsea M.","family":"Crooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Dulaney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Logan","family":"Keding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 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Research Center, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Eickhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4862-7289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather A.","family":"Simmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andres","family":"Mejia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53715, 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L.","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6902-9149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew T.","family":"Aliota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55108, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Friedrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"},{"name":"Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI 53715, 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