{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:55:59Z","timestamp":1781657759935,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]],"date-time":"2021-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008771","name":"Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B-1543069-2019-21-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B-1543069-2019-21-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008771","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019R1A6A1A03033084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R1A6A1A03033084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neurological diseases in cattle can be caused by several infectious agents. Astroviruses are increasingly recognized as the causative agent of encephalitis in various animals, including humans. In this study, a neuroinvasive astrovirus (BoAstV 20B05) was discovered in the brain tissues of an 81-month-old Korean native cattle with neurological symptoms. Lymphocyte infiltration and multifocal perivascular cuffing were observed in the cerebrum and brain stem, and viral antigens were also detected in the meninges. In particular, the concentration of the astroviral genome was high in the brain tissues. Korean BoAstV 20B05 was classified into the CH13\/NeuroS1 clade and was closely related to the Neuro-Uy and KagoshimaSR28-462 strains. Our evolutionary analysis showed that Korean BoAstV 20B05 belongs to the sub-lineage NeuroS1 and evolved independently of BoAstV KagoshimaSR28-462. These results suggest that neuroinvasive astroviruses were first introduced in Korea. However, analysis is limited by the lack of reference astrovirus sequences reported in various countries within Asia, and further analysis should be performed using more strains. In this study, we identified a neuroinvasive astrovirus infection with neurological symptoms for the first time in South Korea and confirmed that BoAstV 20B05 may have been introduced in South Korea a long time ago.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v13101941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]],"date-time":"2021-09-28T21:39:29Z","timestamp":1632865169000},"page":"1941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Astrovirus Infection in Cattle with Nonsuppurative Meningoencephalitis in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sook-Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeonbuk, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3719-860X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong-Ho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 117 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Kimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsanbuk-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9454-9963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoon-Ji","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeonbuk, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2448-8202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Sik","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeonbuk, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su-Gwon","family":"Roh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 117 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Kimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsanbuk-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung-Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 117 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Kimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsanbuk-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heui-Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 117 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Kimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsanbuk-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6450-9787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae-Ho","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Daegu 41566, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1598-4343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae-Ku","family":"Oem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 117 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Kimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsanbuk-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-virology-101416-041742","article-title":"Astrovirus Biology and Pathogenesis","volume":"4","author":"Cortez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu. 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