{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:06:17Z","timestamp":1791266777011,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RC IZSVe 06\/19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC IZSVe 06\/19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In June 2020, a cat from Arezzo (Italy) that died from a neurological disease was diagnosed with West Caucasian Bat Lyssavirus (WCBV). The virus retained high identity across the whole-genome with the reference isolate found in 2002 from a Russian bent-winged bat. We applied control measures recommended by national regulations, investigated a possible interface between cats and bats using visual inspections, bioacoustics analyses and camera trapping and performed active and passive surveillance in bats to trace the source of infection. People that were exposed to the cat received full post-exposure prophylaxis while animals underwent six months of quarantine. One year later, they are all healthy. In a tunnel located near the cat\u2019s house, we identified a group of bent-winged bats that showed virus-neutralizing antibodies to WCBV across four sampling occasions, but no virus in salivary swabs. Carcasses from other bat species were all negative. This description of WCBV in a non-flying mammal confirms that this virus can cause clinical rabies in the absence of preventive and therapeutic measures, and highlights the lack of international guidelines against divergent lyssaviruses. We detected bent-winged bats as the most probable source of infection, testifying the encroachment between these bats and pets\/human in urban areas and confirming free-ranging cats as potential hazard for public health and conservation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v13102064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T23:02:16Z","timestamp":1634252536000},"page":"2064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Spillover of West Caucasian Bat Lyssavirus (WCBV) in a Domestic Cat and Westward Expansion in the Palearctic Region"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Stefania","family":"Leopardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National (Italy) and FAO Reference Center for Rabies, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ettore","family":"Barneschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Area Sanit\u00e0 Animale, AUSL Toscana SudEst, 52100 Arezzo, AR, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3911-1184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Manna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, 00178 Rome, RM, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Zecchin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National (Italy) and FAO Reference Center for Rabies, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Priori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Studi Ecologici Ricerca Natura Ambiente, 47121 Forl\u00ec, FC, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5180-5974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petra","family":"Drzewniokov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National (Italy) and FAO Reference Center for Rabies, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Festa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National (Italy) and FAO Reference Center for Rabies, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9478-3231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Lombardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Local Department of Central Tuscany, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, 52100 Arezzo, AR, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Parca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Area Sanit\u00e0 Animale, AUSL Toscana SudEst, 52100 Arezzo, AR, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0733-8480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dino","family":"Scaravelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Studi Ecologici Ricerca Natura Ambiente, 47121 Forl\u00ec, FC, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Maroni Ponti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direzione Generale della Sanit\u00e0 Animale e dei Farmaci Veterinari, Italian Ministry of Health, 00153 Rome, RM, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6760-1933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"De Benedictis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National (Italy) and FAO Reference Center for Rabies, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2021, September 28). 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