{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T08:09:06Z","timestamp":1769155746128,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32072879"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32072879"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"China Agriculture Research System","award":["CARS-41-G15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-41-G15"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005046","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TD2019C003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TD2019C003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005046","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS), caused by novel fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4), has caused serious economic losses to the poultry industry. Vaccines are important for preventing and controlling HHS. Current FAdV-4 vaccine research and development are mainly focuses on inactivated vaccines and relatively fewer live vaccines. We previously demonstrated that the hexon gene is the key gene responsible for the high pathogenicity of FAdV-4 and constructed a non-pathogenic chimeric virus rHN20 strain based on the emerging FAdV-4. In this study, the immunogenicity of artificially rescued rHN20 was evaluated in chickens using different routes and doses as a live vaccine. The live rHN20 vaccine induced high titers of neutralizing antibodies against FAdV-4 and fully protected the immunized chickens against a lethal dose of FAdV-4. Furthermore, immunized chickens showed no clinical symptoms or histopathological changes in the FAdV-4-targeted liver, and the viral load in the tissues of immunized chickens was significantly lower than that of chickens in the challenge control group. Collectively, the live rHN20 vaccine effectively protected our sample against FAdV-4 infection and can be considered a live vaccine candidate for preventing HHS in the poultry industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v13112153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T23:55:23Z","timestamp":1635292523000},"page":"2153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Immunogenicity of Novel Live Vaccine Based on an Artificial rHN20 Strain against Emerging Fowl Adenovirus 4"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5887-9239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rongrong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aijing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhuangzhuang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0448-8467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yulong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongyu","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changjun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaole","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4916-5346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"King, A.M.Q., Adams, M.J., Carstens, E.B., and Lefkowitz, E.J. 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