{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:39:13Z","timestamp":1791999553898,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":161,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Human Norovirus is currently the main viral cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGEs) in most countries worldwide. Nearly 50 years after the discovery of the \u201cNorwalk virus\u201d by Kapikian and colleagues, the scientific and medical community continue to generate new knowledge on the full biological and disease spectrum of Norovirus infection. Nevertheless, several areas remain incompletely understood due to the serious constraints to effectively replicate and propagate the virus. Here, we present a narrated historic perspective and summarize our current knowledge, including insights and reflections on current points of interest for a broad medical community, including clinical and molecular epidemiology, viral\u2013host\u2013microbiota interactions, antivirals, and vaccine prototypes. We also include a reflection on the present and future impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on Norovirus infection and disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v13122399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T03:12:56Z","timestamp":1638328376000},"page":"2399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Norovirus: Facts and Reflections from Past, Present, and Future"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yalda","family":"Lucero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Mycology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile"},{"name":"Hospital Dr. Roberto del R\u00edo Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (Northern Campus), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380418, Chile"},{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Alemana de Santiago, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad del Desarrollo-Cl\u00ednica Alemana, Santiago 7650568, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David O.","family":"Matson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastern Shore Health Department, Virginia Department of Public Health, Accomack County, VA 23301, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shai","family":"Ashkenazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics A, Schneider Children\u2019s Medical Center, Petach Tikva 49202, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Mycology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7926-2163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"O\u2019Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Mycology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a121177","article-title":"The Association of Viruses and Bacteria with Infantile Diarrhea","volume":"92","author":"Yow","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am. 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