{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T15:17:26Z","timestamp":1778858246726,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Difficult-to-treat populations with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), in the era of interferon treatment, included patients with liver cirrhosis, kidney impairment, treatment-experienced individuals, and those coinfected with the human immunodeficiency virus. The current study aimed to determine whether, in the era of direct-acting antivirals (DAA), there are still patients that are difficult-to-treat. The study included all consecutive patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) who started interferon-free therapy between July 2015 and December 2020 in the Department of Infectious Diseases in Kielce. The analyzed real-world population consisted of 963 patients, and most of them were infected with genotype 1 (87.6%) with the predominance of subtype 1b and were treatment-na\u00efve (78.8%). Liver cirrhosis was determined in 207 individuals (21.5%), of whom 82.6% were compensated. The overall sustained virologic response, after exclusion of non-virologic failures, was achieved in 98.4%. The univariable analysis demonstrated the significantly lower response rates in males, patients with liver cirrhosis, decompensation of hepatic function at baseline, documented esophageal varices, concomitant diabetes, body mass index \u226525, and previous ineffective antiviral treatment. Despite an overall very high effectiveness, some unfavorable factors, including male gender, genotype 3 infection, liver cirrhosis, and treatment experience, significantly reduce the chances for a virologic response were identified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14010096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,9]],"date-time":"2022-01-09T23:35:09Z","timestamp":1641771309000},"page":"96","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Are There Still Difficult-to-Treat Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C in the Era of Direct-Acting Antivirals?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Pabjan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Voivodship Hospital, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1180-9230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Brzd\u0119k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2480-6124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Chrapek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8930-2221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kacper","family":"Dziedzic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krystyna","family":"Dobrowolska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Paluch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Voivodship Hospital, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Garbat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Voivodship Hospital, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"B\u0142oniarczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Voivodship Hospital, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Reczko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Voivodship Hospital, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"St\u0119pie\u0144","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Voivodship Hospital, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0938-1084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorota","family":"Zar\u0119bska-Michaluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Voivodship Hospital, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.10.032","article-title":"8 Weeks of Sofosbuvir\/Ledipasvir Is Effective in DAA-Naive Non-Cirrhotic HCV Genotype 4 Infected Patients (HEPNED-001 Study)","volume":"70","author":"Boerekamps","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01701-3","article-title":"The EASL-Lancet Liver Commission: Protecting the next Generation of Europeans against Liver Disease Complications and Premature Mortality","volume":"399","author":"Karlsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flisiak, R., Zar\u0119bska-Michaluk, D., Janczewska, E., \u0141api\u0144ski, T., Rogalska, M., Karpi\u0144ska, E., Miku\u0142a, T., Bolewska, B., Bia\u0142kowska, J., and Flejscher-St\u0119pniewska, K. (2021). Five-Year Follow-Up of Cured HCV Patients under Real-World Interferon-Free Therapy. Cancers, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13153694"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"(2017). Polaris Observatory HCV Collaborators Global Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in 2015: A Modelling Study. Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 2, 161\u2013176."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06102-5","article-title":"Peginterferon Alfa-2b plus Ribavirin Compared with Interferon Alfa-2b plus Ribavirin for Initial Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C: A Randomised Trial","volume":"358","author":"Manns","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020047","article-title":"Peginterferon Alfa-2a plus Ribavirin for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection","volume":"347","author":"Fried","year":"2002","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-140-5-200403020-00010","article-title":"Peginterferon-Alpha2a and Ribavirin Combination Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis C: A Randomized Study of Treatment Duration and Ribavirin Dose","volume":"140","author":"Hadziyannis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.5114\/ceh.2016.63870","article-title":"Efficacy of HCV Treatment in Poland at the Turn of the Interferon Era\u2014The EpiTer Study","volume":"2","author":"Flisiak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2011.21","article-title":"Management of Adverse Effects of Peg-IFN and Ribavirin Therapy for Hepatitis C","volume":"8","author":"Sulkowski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S19","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis928","article-title":"Breaking down the Barriers to Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Treatment among Individuals with HCV\/HIV Coinfection: Action Required at the System, Provider, and Patient Levels","volume":"207","author":"Grebely","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.04.035","article-title":"Triple Therapy in Treatment-Experienced Patients with HCV-Cirrhosis in a Multicentre Cohort of the French Early Access Programme (ANRS CO20-CUPIC)-NCT01514890","volume":"59","author":"Fontaine","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1411","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000001411","article-title":"Effect of Peginterferon or Ribavirin Dosing on Efficacy of Therapy with Telaprevir in Treatment-Experienced Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C and Advanced Liver Fibrosis: A Multicenter Cohort Study","volume":"94","author":"Janczewska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3418","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i12.3418","article-title":"Daclatasvir vs Telaprevir plus Peginterferon Alfa\/Ribavirin for Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1","volume":"22","author":"Jacobson","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.17235\/reed.2015.3840\/2015","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Simeprevir in Combination with Peginterferon and Ribavirin for Patients with Hepatitis C Genotype 1 Infection: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials","volume":"107","author":"Cui","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Esp. Enferm. Dig."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12424","article-title":"Second-Wave IFN-Based Triple Therapy for HCV Genotype 1 Infection: Simeprevir, Faldaprevir and Sofosbuvir","volume":"34","author":"Asselah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15337","article-title":"Is an 8-Week Regimen of Glecaprevir\/Pibrentasvir Sufficient for All Hepatitis C Virus Infected Patients in the Real-World Experience?","volume":"36","author":"Jaroszewicz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"515","article-title":"Recommendations for the Treatment of Hepatitis C Polish Group of HCV Experts\u20142015","volume":"69","author":"Halota","year":"2015","journal-title":"Przegl Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Polish Group of Experts for HCV, Halota, W., Flisiak, R., Juszczyk, J., Ma\u0142kowski, P., Paw\u0142owska, M., Simon, K., and Tomasiewicz, K. (2017). Recommendations for the Treatment of Hepatitis C in 2017. Clin. Exp. Hepatol., 3, 47\u201355.","DOI":"10.5114\/ceh.2017.67782"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.5114\/ceh.2020.98606","article-title":"Recommendations of the Polish Group of Experts for HCV for the Treatment of Hepatitis C in 2020","volume":"6","author":"Halota","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"European Association for the Study of the Liver (2020). EASL Recommendations on Treatment of Hepatitis C: Final Update of the Series\u2606. J. Hepatol., 73, 1170\u20131218.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.08.018"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13638","article-title":"Treatment of Hepatitis C: Results in Real Life","volume":"38","year":"2018","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2177","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v27.i18.2177","article-title":"Factors Influencing the Failure of Interferon-Free Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis C: Data from the Polish EpiTer-2 Cohort Study","volume":"27","author":"Janczewska","year":"2021","journal-title":"WJG"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14320","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Glecaprevir\/Pibrentasvir in Renally Impaired Patients with Chronic HCV Infection","volume":"40","author":"Lawitz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"438","article-title":"Real-World Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment in Kidney Transplant and Hemodialysis Patients: The EpiTer-2 Multicenter Observational Study","volume":"34","author":"Tronina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001426","article-title":"Hepatitis C Therapy with Direct Antiviral Agents in Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease: Real-World Experience of the German Hepatitis C-Registry (Deutsches Hepatitis C-Register)","volume":"31","author":"Wiegand","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14936","article-title":"Real-World Experience with Grazoprevir\/Elbasvir in the Treatment of Previously \u201cDifficult to Treat\u201d Patients Infected with Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 and 4","volume":"35","author":"Jaroszewicz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nefro.2021.01.008","article-title":"Sofosbuvir-based regimens for HCV in stage 4\u2013stage 5 chronic kidney disease. A systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Fabrizi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nefrolog\u00eda"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2019.1645808","article-title":"Real Life Results of Direct Acting Antiviral Therapy for HCV Infection in HIV\u2013HCV-Coinfected Patients: Epi-Ter2 Study","volume":"32","author":"Piekarska","year":"2020","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patel, S.V., Jayaweera, D.T., Althoff, K.N., Eron, J.J., Radtchenko, J., Mills, A., Moyle, G., Santiago, S., Sax, P.E., and Gillman, J. (2020). Real-World Efficacy of Direct Acting Antiviral Therapies in Patients with HIV\/HCV. PLoS ONE, 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228847"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7532","article-title":"Meta-Analysis of Grazoprevir plus Elbasvir for Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 Infection","volume":"17","author":"Ahmed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1402869","article-title":"ABT-450\/r-Ombitasvir and Dasabuvir with Ribavirin for Hepatitis C with Cirrhosis","volume":"370","author":"Poordad","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.10.005","article-title":"Sustained Virologic Response of 100% in HCV Genotype 1b Patients with Cirrhosis Receiving Ombitasvir\/Paritaprevir\/r and Dasabuvir for 12weeks","volume":"64","author":"Feld","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27826","article-title":"Ledipasvir and Sofosbuvir in Patients with Genotype 1 Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Compensated Cirrhosis: An Integrated Safety and Efficacy Analysis","volume":"62","author":"Reddy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz022","article-title":"Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Glecaprevir\/Pibrentasvir in Adults With Chronic Genotype 1\u20136 Hepatitis C Virus Infections and Compensated Liver Disease","volume":"69","author":"Gane","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.10.020","article-title":"Glecaprevir\/Pibrentasvir for 8 weeks in Treatment-Na\u00efve Patients with Chronic HCV Genotypes 1\u20136 and Compensated Cirrhosis: The EXPEDITION-8 Trial","volume":"72","author":"Brown","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2599","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1512610","article-title":"Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir for HCV Genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 Infection","volume":"373","author":"Feld","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2608","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1512612","article-title":"Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir for HCV Genotype 2 and 3 Infection","volume":"373","author":"Foster","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13790","article-title":"Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Ombitasvir\/Paritaprevir\/Ritonavir \u00b1 Dasabuvir \u00b1 Ribavirin in Hepatitis C: AMBER Study","volume":"44","author":"Flisiak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00710","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Real-World Single-Center Experience in Tianjin, China","volume":"11","author":"Xia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2021.06.001","article-title":"Direct-Acting Antiviral Regimens in Egyptian Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Real-World Single-Center Experience","volume":"22","author":"Naguib","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arab J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2618","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1512614","article-title":"Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir for HCV in Patients with Decompensated Cirrhosis","volume":"373","author":"Curry","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yek, C., de la Flor, C., Marshall, J., Zoellner, C., Thompson, G., Quirk, L., Mayorga, C., Turner, B.J., Singal, A.G., and Jain, M.K. (2017). Effectiveness of Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy for Hepatitis C in Difficult-to-Treat Patients in a Safety-Net Health System: A Retrospective Cohort Study. BMC Med., 15.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-017-0969-3"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.03.002","article-title":"Portal pressure predicts outcome and safety of antiviral therapy in cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"9","author":"Reiberger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.10.051","article-title":"Efficacy of Retreatment After Failed Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy in Patients with HCV Genotype 1\u20133 Infections","volume":"19","author":"Dietz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"4029541","article-title":"Real World Experience of Chronic Hepatitis C Retreatment with Genotype Specific Regimens in Nonresponders to Previous Interferon-Free Therapy","volume":"2019","author":"Simon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1068-3056","article-title":"Treatment-Failure to Direct Antiviral HCV Regimens in Real World: Frequency, Patient Characteristics and Rescue Therapy\u2014Data from the German Hepatitis C Registry (DHC-R)","volume":"58","author":"Schmitt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Z. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.03.004","article-title":"Treatment Failure with DAA Therapy: Importance of Resistance","volume":"74","author":"Sarrazin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13327","article-title":"Multiclass HCV Resistance to Direct-Acting Antiviral Failure in Real-Life Patients Advocates for Tailored Second-Line Therapies","volume":"37","author":"Cento","year":"2017","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14797","article-title":"Resistance Analysis and Treatment Outcomes in Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3-Infected Patients within the Italian Network VIRONET-C","volume":"41","author":"Barbaliscia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.13474","article-title":"Viral and Host Factors Are Associated with Retreatment Failure in Hepatitis C Patients Receiving All-Oral Direct Antiviral Therapy","volume":"50","author":"Mawatari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatol. Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13270","article-title":"Prevalence of HCV Resistance-Associated Substitutions among Treatment-Failure Patients Receiving Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Viral Hepat."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.07.020","article-title":"Real-Life Effectiveness and Safety of Sofosbuvir\/Velpatasvir\/Voxilaprevir in Hepatitis C Patients with Previous DAA Failure","volume":"71","author":"Degasperi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13115","article-title":"Real-World Effectiveness of Sofosbuvir\/Velpatasvir\/Voxilaprevir in 573 Direct-Acting Antiviral Experienced Hepatitis C Patients","volume":"26","author":"Belperio","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Viral Hepat."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2134","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1613512","article-title":"POLARIS-1 and POLARIS-4 Investigators. Sofosbuvir, Velpatasvir, and Voxilaprevir for Previously Treated HCV Infection","volume":"376","author":"Gordon","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.07.043","article-title":"Efficacy of Sofosbuvir plus Ribavirin with or without Peginterferon-Alfa in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3 Infection and Treatment-Experienced Patients with Cirrhosis and Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 2 Infection","volume":"149","author":"Foster","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12861","article-title":"Treatment of HCV Infection in Poland at the Beginning of the Interferon-Free Era-the EpiTer-2 Study","volume":"25","author":"Flisiak","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Viral Hepat."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.06.042","article-title":"Efficacy of Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir, with and without Ribavirin, in Patients With Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3 Infection and Cirrhosis","volume":"155","author":"Esteban","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zar\u0119bska-Michaluk, D., Jaroszewicz, J., Parfieniuk-Kowerda, A., Janczewska, E., Dybowska, D., Paw\u0142owska, M., Halota, W., Mazur, W., Lorenc, B., and Janocha-Litwin, J. (2021). Effectiveness and Safety of Pangenotypic Regimens in the Most Difficult to Treat Population of Genotype 3 HCV Infected Cirrhotics. J. Clin. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10153280"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6150861","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6150861","article-title":"Chronic Hepatitis C Association with Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Risk in the Era of DAA Therapy","volume":"2018","author":"Drazilova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.11.022","article-title":"Effect of sustained virological response to treatment on the incidence of abnormal glucose values in chronic hepatitis C","volume":"48","author":"Andrade","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."}],"container-title":["Viruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4915\/14\/1\/96\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T13:36:33Z","timestamp":1760362593000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4915\/14\/1\/96"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["v14010096"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v14010096","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-4915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1999-4915","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]}}}