{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:43:35Z","timestamp":1791333815456,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,9]],"date-time":"2022-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 106-2313-B-005 -050 -MY3 and 109-2313-B-005-010-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 106-2313-B-005 -050 -MY3 and 109-2313-B-005-010-"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Taiwan","award":["RD105038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RD105038"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Expansion of genotype I (GI) Japanese encephalitis viruses (JEV) has resulted in the replacement of the dominant genotype III (GIII) viruses, raising serious public health concerns for using GIII virus-derived vaccines to effectively control JEV epidemics. Therefore, this study used swine as the model to estimate the effectiveness of GIII live-attenuated vaccine against GI virus infection by comparing the incidence of stillbirth\/abortion in gilts from vaccinated and non-vaccinated pig farms during the GI-circulation period. In total, 389 and 213 litters of gilts were recorded from four vaccinated and two non-vaccinated pig farms, respectively. All viruses detected in the aborted fetuses and mosquitoes belonged to the GI genotype during the study period. We thus estimated that the vaccine effectiveness of GIII live-attenuated vaccine against GI viruses in naive gilts based on the overall incidence of stillbirth\/abortion and incidence of JEV-confirmed stillbirth\/abortion was 65.5% (50.8\u201375.7%) and 74.7% (34.5\u201390.2%), respectively. In contrast to previous estimates, the GIII live-attenuated vaccine had an efficacy of 95.6% (68.3\u201399.4%) to prevent the incidence of stillbirth\/abortion during the GIII-circulating period. These results indicate that the vaccine effectiveness of GIII live-attenuated JEV vaccine to prevent stillbirth\/abortion caused by GI viruses is lower than that against GIII viruses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14010114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,9]],"date-time":"2022-01-09T23:35:09Z","timestamp":1641771309000},"page":"114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Effectiveness of Live-Attenuated Genotype III Japanese Encephalitis Viral Vaccine against Circulating Genotype I Viruses in Swine"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1866-0800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Chin","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Ying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo-Mei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chienjin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 505, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyan-Song","family":"Chiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2017.01.014","article-title":"Japanese encephalitis virus infection, diagnosis and control in domestic animals","volume":"201","author":"Mansfield","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. 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