{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T21:45:53Z","timestamp":1767995153288,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) does not induce protective immunity, and re-exposure to HCV can reinfect the population engaging in high-risk behavior. An increasing incidence of acute hepatitis C infection in people living with HIV (PLWH) has been described in recent years. This retrospective cohort study was conducted in PLWH who completed HCV therapy between June 2009 and June 2020 at an HIV care hospital, to analyze their basic characteristics and risky behavior. Of 2419 patients, 639 were diagnosed with HCV infection and 516 completed the HCV therapy with a sustained virologic response. In total, 59 patients (11.4%) were reinfected with acute hepatitis C, and the median time to reinfection was 85.3 weeks (IQR: 57\u2013150). The incidence of reinfection was 6.7 cases\/100 person-years. The factors associated with reinfection were being male (AHR, 8.02; 95% CI 1.08\u201359.49), DAA (direct-acting antiviral) treatment (AHR, 2.23; 95% CI 1.04\u20134.79), liver cirrhosis (AHR, 3.94; 95% CI 1.09\u201314.22), heroin dependency (AHR: 7.41; 95% CI 3.37\u201314.3), and HIV viral loads &lt;50 copies\/mL at the follow-up (AHR: 0.47, 95% CI 0.24\u20130.93) in the subgroup of people who inject drugs (PWID). Amphetamine abuse (AHR: 20.17; 95% CI 2.36\u2013172.52) was the dominant factor in the subgroup of men who have sex with men (MSM). Our study suggests that education and behavioral interventions are needed in this population to prevent reinfection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14020439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T20:48:41Z","timestamp":1645476521000},"page":"439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Incidence and Risk Factors of Reinfection with HCV after Treatment in People Living with HIV"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1886-0370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chien-Yu","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan City 330, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shin-Yen","family":"Ku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan City 330, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan City 330, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0629-9790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng-Pin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan City 330, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-Hsing","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan City 330, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I-Feng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2017). 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