{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:15:18Z","timestamp":1787030118163,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,27]],"date-time":"2022-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2021YFC2300703 to L.L."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2300703 to L.L."]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82161138002 and 92169112 to S.J.; 82002142 to S.X."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82161138002 and 92169112 to S.J.; 82002142 to S.X."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012247","name":"Program of Shanghai Academic\/Technology Research Leader","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20XD1420300 to L.L."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20XD1420300 to L.L."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012247","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, infectious diseases caused by viral infections have seriously endangered human health, especially COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, which continues to spread worldwide. The development of broad-spectrum antiviral inhibitors is urgently needed. Here, we report a series of small-molecule compounds that proved effective against human coronaviruses (HCoV), such as SARS-CoV-2 and its variants of concern (VOCs), including Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529), SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, HCoV-OC43, and other viruses with class I viral fusion proteins, such as influenza virus, Ebola virus (EBOV), Nipah virus (NiV), and Lassa fever virus (LASV). They are also effective against class II enveloped viruses represented by ZIKV and class III enveloped viruses represented by vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Further studies have shown that these compounds may exert antiviral effects through a variety of mechanisms, including inhibiting the formation of the six-helix bundle, which is a typical feature of enveloped virus fusion with cell membranes, and\/or targeting viral membrane to inactivate cell-free virions. These compounds are expected to become drug candidates against SARS-CoV-2 and other enveloped viruses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14030489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,27]],"date-time":"2022-02-27T20:49:03Z","timestamp":1645994943000},"page":"489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The Analogs of Furanyl Methylidene Rhodanine Exhibit Broad-Spectrum Inhibitory and Inactivating Activities against Enveloped Viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Pu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE\/NHC\/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0958-5108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 200032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE\/NHC\/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE\/NHC\/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5524-3542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiaoshuai","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE\/NHC\/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE\/NHC\/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE\/NHC\/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2255-0391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE\/NHC\/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8283-7135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shibo","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE\/NHC\/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, 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