{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T03:16:58Z","timestamp":1792639018117,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1154700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1154700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"BBSRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BBS\/E\/I\/00007037 and BBS\/E\/I\/00007039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBS\/E\/I\/00007037 and BBS\/E\/I\/00007039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in large parts of sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and South America, where outbreaks in cloven-hooved livestock threaten food security and have severe economic impacts. Vaccination in endemic regions remains the most effective control strategy. Current FMD vaccines are produced from chemically inactivated foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) grown in suspension cultures of baby hamster kidney 21 cells (BHK-21). Strain diversity means vaccines produced from one subtype may not fully protect against circulating disparate subtypes, necessitating the development of new vaccine strains that \u201cantigenically match\u201d. However, some viruses have proven difficult to adapt to cell culture, slowing the manufacturing process, reducing vaccine yield and limiting the availability of effective vaccines, as well as potentiating the selection of undesired antigenic changes. To circumvent the need to cell culture adapt FMDV, we have used a systematic approach to develop recombinant suspension BHK-21 that stably express the key FMDV receptor integrin \u03b1v\u03b26. We show that \u03b1v\u03b26 expression is retained at consistently high levels as a mixed cell population and as a clonal cell line. Following exposure to field strains of FMDV, these recombinant BHK-21 facilitated higher virus yields compared to both parental and control BHK-21, whilst demonstrating comparable growth kinetics. The presented data supports the application of these recombinant \u03b1v\u03b26-expressing BHK-21 in future FMD vaccine production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14030621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T22:15:04Z","timestamp":1647468904000},"page":"621","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["An Improved \u03b1v\u03b26-Receptor-Expressing Suspension Cell Line for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Production"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yongjie","family":"Harvey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigid Veronica","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kay","family":"Childs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katy","family":"Moffat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8186-2638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Graham","family":"Freimanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandana","family":"Tennakoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0402-9658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas","family":"Juleff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, 500 5th Ave. N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9012-9830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Seago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2013.07.013","article-title":"The economic impacts of foot and mouth disease\u2014What are they, how big are they and where do they occur?","volume":"112","author":"Rushton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prev. 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