{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T14:51:19Z","timestamp":1771512679418,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006452","name":"University of Miyazaki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006452","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A retrospective chart survey of the clinical features of indolent adult T-cell leukemia\/lymphoma (ATL) was conducted in the Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. This study enrolled 24 smoldering-type ATLs, 10 favorable chronic-type ATLs, and 20 unfavorable chronic-type ATLs diagnosed between 2010 and 2018. Among them, 4, 3, and 10 progressed to acute-type ATLs during their clinical course. The median survival time (MST) in smoldering-type ATL and favorable chronic-type ATL was not reached, and their 4-year overall survival (OS) was 73% and 79%, respectively. Compared with this, the prognosis of unfavorable chronic-type ATL was poor. Its MST was 3.32 years, and the 4-year OS was 46% (p = 0.0095). In addition to the three features that determine the unfavorable characteristics of chronic-type ATL, namely, increased lactate dehydrogenase, increased blood urea nitrogen, and decreased albumin, the high-risk category by the indolent ATL-Prognostic Index, which was defined by an increment of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL2-R) of &gt;6000 U\/mL, could explain the poor prognosis in indolent ATL patients. The level of sIL-2R might be an indicator of the initiation of therapy for indolent ATL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14040710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T21:45:51Z","timestamp":1648590351000},"page":"710","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prognosis of Indolent Adult T-Cell Leukemia\/Lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0100-1710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuro","family":"Kameda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0046-3254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kotaro","family":"Shide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Tahira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Sekine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Koga General Hospital, Miyazaki 880-0041, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seiichi","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Miyakonojo Medical Center, Miyakonojo 880-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junzo","family":"Ishizaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Aisenkai Nichinan Hospital, Nichinan 887-0034, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Aisenkai Nichinan Hospital, Nichinan 887-0034, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0031-3456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keiichi","family":"Akizuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayako","family":"Kamiunten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haruko","family":"Shimoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takanori","family":"Toyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Miyazaki Prefectural Nobeoka Hospital, Nobeoka 882-0835, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kouichi","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Miyakonojo Medical Center, Miyakonojo 880-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Miyazaki Prefectural Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriaki","family":"Kawano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Miyazaki Prefectural Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kawano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Koga General Hospital, Miyazaki 880-0041, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomonori","family":"Hidaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoko","family":"Kubuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Kitanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Matsuoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Koga General Hospital, Miyazaki 880-0041, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Shimoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V50.3.481.481","article-title":"Adult T-cell leukemia: Clinical and hematologic features of 16 cases","volume":"50","author":"Uchiyama","year":"1977","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4124","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.16.4558","article-title":"International peripheral T-cell and natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma study: Pathology findings and clinical outcomes","volume":"26","author":"Vose","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Swerdlow, S.H., Campo, E., Harris, N.L., Jaffe, E.S., Pileri, S.A., Stein, H., Thiele, J., and Vardiman, J.W. (2008). WHO Classification of Tumors of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Adult T-Cell Leukaemia\/Lymphoma, IARC Press."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1991.tb08051.x","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria and classification of clinical subtypes of adult T-cell leukaemia-lymphoma. A report from the Lymphoma Study Group (1984\u20131987)","volume":"79","author":"Shimoyama","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Takatsuki, K. (1994). Chemotherapy of ATL. 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Microbiol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.01207"}],"container-title":["Viruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4915\/14\/4\/710\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:45:44Z","timestamp":1760136344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4915\/14\/4\/710"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["v14040710"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v14040710","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-4915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1999-4915","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]]}}}