{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:13:40Z","timestamp":1787030020023,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Low levels of parvovirus B19 (B19V) DNA can be detected in the circulation and in different tissue of immunocompetent individuals for months or years, which has been linked to inflammatory diseases such as cardiomyopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, hepatitis, and vasculitis. However, the detection of B19V DNA does not necessarily imply that infectious virions are present. This study aimed to evaluate the method based on the Benzonase\u00ae treatment for differentiation between the infectious virions from \u201cnaked\u201d DNA in serum and bone marrow (BM) samples to be useful for the B19V routine diagnosis. In addition, we estimated the period of viremia and DNAemia in the sera and bone marrow of nonhuman primates experimentally infected with B19V. Serum samples from ten patients and from four cynomolgus monkeys experimentally infected with B19V followed up for 60 days were used. Most of the human serum samples became negative after pretreatment; however, only decreased viral DNA loads were observed in four patients, indicating that these samples still contained the infectious virus. Reduced B19V DNA levels were observed in animals since 7th dpi. At approximately 45th dpi, B19V DNA levels were below 105 IU\/mL after Benzonase\u00ae pretreatment, which was not a consequence of active B19V replication. The test based on Benzonase\u00ae pretreatment enabled the discrimination of \u201cnaked DNA\u201d from B19V DNA encapsidated in virions. Therefore, this test can be used to clarify the role of B19V as an etiological agent associated with atypical clinical manifestations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14040843","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T02:04:22Z","timestamp":1650420262000},"page":"843","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Evaluation of Molecular Test for the Discrimination of \u201cNaked\u201d DNA from Infectious Parvovirus B19 Particles in Serum and Bone Marrow Samples"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Arthur Daniel Rocha","family":"Alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Desenvolvimento Tecnol\u00f3gico em Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara Barbosa","family":"Langella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Desenvolvimento Tecnol\u00f3gico em Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana Magaldi de Souza","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Desenvolvimento Tecnol\u00f3gico em Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wagner Lu\u00eds da Costa Nunes Pimentel","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Desenvolvimento Tecnol\u00f3gico em Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita de C\u00e1ssia Nasser","family":"Cubel Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biom\u00e9dico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter\u00f3i, Rio de Janeiro 24210-230, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7638-6814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudete Aparecida Ara\u00fajo","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Materno Infantil, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter\u00f3i, Rio de Janeiro 24033-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato Sergio","family":"Marchevsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vice Diretoria de Qualidade, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiol\u00f3gicos, FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3462-7277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo Alves","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Desenvolvimento Tecnol\u00f3gico em Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciane Almeida","family":"Amado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Desenvolvimento Tecnol\u00f3gico em Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001212","article-title":"ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Parvoviridae","volume":"100","author":"Cotmore","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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