{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T04:42:10Z","timestamp":1778215330174,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/V036963\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/V036963\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The rapid global spread of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in an urgent effort to find efficacious therapeutics. Broad-spectrum therapies which could be used for other respiratory pathogens confer advantages, as do those based on targeting host cells that are not prone to the development of resistance by the pathogen. We tested an intranasally delivered carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) therapy, termed Neumifil, which is based on a CBM that has previously been shown to offer protection against the influenza virus through the binding of sialic acid receptors. Using the recognised hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we demonstrate that Neumifil significantly reduces clinical disease severity and pathological changes in the nasal cavity. Furthermore, we demonstrate Neumifil binding to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. This is the first report describing the testing of this type of broad-spectrum antiviral therapy in vivo and provides evidence for the advancement of Neumifil in further preclinical and clinical studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14050976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,8]],"date-time":"2022-05-08T23:27:25Z","timestamp":1652052445000},"page":"976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Activity of a Carbohydrate-Binding Module Therapy, Neumifil, against SARS-CoV-2 Disease in a Hamster Model of Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Rachel","family":"Fell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United Kingdom Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane A.","family":"Potter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pneumagen Ltd., Kinburn Castle, Doubledykes Road, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9DR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Yuille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pneumagen Ltd., Kinburn Castle, Doubledykes Road, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9DR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5315-3882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franscisco J.","family":"Salguero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Kingdom Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Kingdom Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Ngabo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Kingdom Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Gooch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Kingdom Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Hewson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Kingdom Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Howat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pneumagen Ltd., Kinburn Castle, Doubledykes Road, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9DR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stuart","family":"Dowall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Kingdom Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Payne, S. 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