{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T17:39:28Z","timestamp":1790098768008,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]],"date-time":"2022-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2021A1515111167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515111167"]}]},{"name":"GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2018YFE0128200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFE0128200"]}]},{"name":"GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["202102021235"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202102021235"]}]},{"name":"National Key Technologies R &amp; D Program of China","award":["2021A1515111167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515111167"]}]},{"name":"National Key Technologies R &amp; D Program of China","award":["2018YFE0128200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFE0128200"]}]},{"name":"National Key Technologies R &amp; D Program of China","award":["202102021235"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202102021235"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou","award":["2021A1515111167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515111167"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou","award":["2018YFE0128200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFE0128200"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou","award":["202102021235"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202102021235"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A novel gout disease, characterized by visceral urate deposition with high-mortality, with outbreaks in goslings in China since 2016 was caused by a novel goose astrovirus (GoAstV) and resulted in serious economic loss. However, the epidemiology and variation of the GoAstV in goslings in southern China and its evolutionary history as well as the classification of the GoAstV are unclear. In the present study, systematic molecular epidemiology, and phylogenetic analyses of the GoAstV were conducted to address these issues. Our results showed that the GoAstV is widespread in goslings in southern China, and the genomes of six GoAstV strains were obtained. Two amino acid mutations (Y36H and E456D) were identified in capsid proteins in this study, which is the dominant antigen for the GoAstV. In addition, the GoAstV could be divided into two distinct clades, GoAstV-1 and GoAstV-2, and GoAstV-2 is responsible for gout outbreaks in goslings and could be classified into Avastrovirus 3 (AAstV-3), while GoAstV-1 belongs to Avastrovirus 1 (AAstV-1). Moreover, the emergence of GoAstV-2 in geese was estimated to have occurred in January 2010, approximately 12 years ago, while GoAstV-1 emerged earlier than GoAstV-2 and was estimated to have emerged in April 1985 based on Bayesian analysis. The mean evolutionary rate for the GoAstV was also calculated to be approximately 1.42 \u00d7 10\u22123 nucleotide substitutions per site per year. In conclusion, this study provides insight into the epidemiology of the GoAstV in goslings in southern China and is helpful for understanding the origin and evolutionary history as well as the classification of the GoAstV in geese.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14061306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]],"date-time":"2022-06-15T01:39:54Z","timestamp":1655257194000},"page":"1306","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Insight into the Epidemiology and Evolutionary History of Novel Goose Astrovirus-Associated Gout in Goslings in Southern China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7741-7387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinliang","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanpeng","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4789-9944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingxin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danli","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8446-4624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danning","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunbo","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunmao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perot, P., Lecuit, M., and Eloit, M. 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