{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T07:24:03Z","timestamp":1793431443773,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":250,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]],"date-time":"2022-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>During the last two years following the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, development of potent antiviral drugs and vaccines has been a global health priority. In this context, the understanding of virus pathophysiology, the identification of associated therapeutic targets, and the screening of potential effective compounds have been indispensable advancements. It was therefore of primary importance to develop experimental models that recapitulate the aspects of the human disease in the best way possible. This article reviews the information concerning available SARS-CoV-2 preclinical models during that time, including cell-based approaches and animal models. We discuss their evolution, their advantages, and drawbacks, as well as their relevance to drug effectiveness evaluation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14071507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T00:06:21Z","timestamp":1657497981000},"page":"1507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Cell and Animal Models for SARS-CoV-2 Research"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Elo\u00efne","family":"Bestion","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbe Evolution Phylogeny Infection, Institut pour la Recherche et le Developpement, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Genoscience Pharma, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Halfon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbe Evolution Phylogeny Infection, Institut pour la Recherche et le Developpement, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Genoscience Pharma, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2285-7051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soraya","family":"Mezouar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbe Evolution Phylogeny Infection, Institut pour la Recherche et le Developpement, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Genoscience Pharma, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Louis","family":"M\u00e8ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbe Evolution Phylogeny Infection, Institut pour la Recherche et le Developpement, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.45053","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2: An Emerging Coronavirus That Causes a Global Threat","volume":"16","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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