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Using Generalized Additive Models, we explored 222,515 tests of a random sample of individuals with COVID-19 compatible symptoms in the Brazilian state of Bahia during 2020. We found that age and male gender were the most significant determinants of test positivity. There was evidence of an unequal impact among socio-demographic strata, with higher positivity among those living in areas with low education levels during the first epidemic wave, followed by those living in areas with higher education levels in the second wave. Our estimated probability of testing positive after symptom onset corroborates previous reports that the probability decreases with time, more than halving by about two weeks and converging to zero by three weeks. Test positivity rates generally followed state-level reported cases, and while a single laboratory performed ~90% of tests covering ~99% of the state\u2019s area, test turn-around time generally remained below four days. This testing effort is a testimony to the Bahian surveillance capacity during public health emergencies, as previously witnessed during the recent Zika and Yellow Fever outbreaks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14071549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T01:53:22Z","timestamp":1658109202000},"page":"1549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dynamics and Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Testing on Symptomatic Individuals Attending Healthcare Centers during 2020 in Bahia, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6938-161X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felicidade Mota","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Central de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Professor Gon\u00e7alo Muniz, Salvador 40295-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aline","family":"Salom\u00e3o de Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Central de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Professor Gon\u00e7alo Muniz, Salvador 40295-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Catarina Martins Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Central de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Professor Gon\u00e7alo Muniz, Salvador 40295-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anadilton","family":"Santos da Hora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Central de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Professor Gon\u00e7alo Muniz, Salvador 40295-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Pinotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SZ, 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