{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T23:49:26Z","timestamp":1772236166786,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]],"date-time":"2022-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Science and Technology of Henan province","award":["222102310081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222102310081"]}]},{"name":"Department of Science and Technology of Henan province","award":["222102110053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222102110053"]}]},{"name":"Department of Science and Technology of Henan province","award":["204200510015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["204200510015"]}]},{"name":"Department of Science and Technology of Henan province","award":["211110111000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["211110111000"]}]},{"name":"Special Project of scientific and Technological Research and development of Henan Province","award":["222102310081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222102310081"]}]},{"name":"Special Project of scientific and Technological Research and development of Henan Province","award":["222102110053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222102110053"]}]},{"name":"Special Project of scientific and Technological Research and development of Henan Province","award":["204200510015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["204200510015"]}]},{"name":"Special Project of scientific and Technological Research and development of Henan Province","award":["211110111000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["211110111000"]}]},{"name":"Zhongyuan High Level Talents Special Support Plan","award":["222102310081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222102310081"]}]},{"name":"Zhongyuan High Level Talents Special Support Plan","award":["222102110053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222102110053"]}]},{"name":"Zhongyuan High Level Talents Special Support Plan","award":["204200510015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["204200510015"]}]},{"name":"Zhongyuan High Level Talents Special Support Plan","award":["211110111000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["211110111000"]}]},{"name":"Henan open competition mechanism to select the best candidate program","award":["222102310081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222102310081"]}]},{"name":"Henan open competition mechanism to select the best candidate program","award":["222102110053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222102110053"]}]},{"name":"Henan open competition mechanism to select the best candidate program","award":["204200510015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["204200510015"]}]},{"name":"Henan open competition mechanism to select the best candidate program","award":["211110111000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["211110111000"]}]},{"name":"Fang\u2019s family (Hong Kong) foundation","award":["222102310081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222102310081"]}]},{"name":"Fang\u2019s family (Hong Kong) foundation","award":["222102110053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222102110053"]}]},{"name":"Fang\u2019s family (Hong Kong) foundation","award":["204200510015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["204200510015"]}]},{"name":"Fang\u2019s family (Hong Kong) foundation","award":["211110111000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["211110111000"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In late 2011, severe pseudorabies (PR) outbreaks occurred among swine herds vaccinated with the Bartha-K61 vaccine in many provinces of China, causing enormous economic losses for the pork industry. To understand the epidemic profile and genetic characteristics of the pseudorabies virus (PRV), a total of 35,796 serum samples were collected from 1090 pig farms of different breeding scales between 2019 and 2021 in the Henan province where swine had been immunized with the Bartha-K61 vaccine, and PRV glycoprotein E (gE)-specific antibodies were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results reveal that the overall positive rate for PRV gE antibodies was 20.33% (7276\/35,796), which decreased from 25.00% (2596\/10,385) in 2019 to 16.69% (2222\/13,315) in 2021, demonstrating that PR still existed widely in pig herds in the Henan province but displayed a decreasing trend. Further analysis suggested that the PRV-seropositive rate may be associated with farm size, farm category, quarter, region and the cross-regional transportation of livestock. Moreover, the gE gene complete sequences of 18 PRV isolates were obtained, and they shared a high identity (97.1\u2013100.0%) with reference strains at the nucleotide level. Interestingly, the phylogenetic analysis based on the gE complete sequences found that there were both classical strains and variant strains in pig herds. The deduced amino acid sequence analysis of the gE gene showed that there were unique amino acids in the classical strains, the variant strains and genotype \u2161 strains. This study provides epidemiological data that could be useful in the prevention of pseudorabies in Henan, China, and this finding contributed to our understanding of the epidemiology and evolution of PRV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14081685","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T23:49:27Z","timestamp":1659397767000},"page":"1685","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Serological Investigation and Genetic Characteristics of Pseudorabies Virus between 2019 and 2021 in Henan Province of China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ximeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongxuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qianlei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8245-3999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenya","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of \u201cRunliang\u201d Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8284-9152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lanlan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhanyong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New District Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(96)01299-0","article-title":"Functional aspects of Aujeszky\u2019s disease (pseudorabies) viral proteins with relation to invasion, virulence and immunogenicity","volume":"55","author":"Nauwynck","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet. 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