{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T03:56:15Z","timestamp":1784346975291,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zoetis"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A safe and efficacious live-attenuated vaccine for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is not commercially available in the United States yet. Two major PEDV strains are currently circulating in US swine: highly virulent non-S-INDEL strain and milder virulent S-INDEL strain. In this study, the safety and protective efficacy of a plaque-purified S-INDEL PEDV isolate formulated as a vaccine candidate was evaluated. Ten pregnant gilts were divided into three groups and orally inoculated at 79 days of gestation and then boosted at 100 days gestation (T01: n = 4, vaccination\/challenge; T02: n = 4, non-vaccination\/challenge; T03: n = 2, non-vaccination\/non-challenge). None of the gilts had adverse clinical signs after vaccination. Only one T01 gilt (#5026) had viral replication and detectible viral RNA in feces. The same gilt had consistent levels of PEDV-specific IgG and IgA antibodies in serum and colostrum\/milk. Farrowed piglets at 3 to 5 days of age from T01 and T02 gilts were orally challenged with 103 TCID50\/pig of the virulent non-S-INDEL PEDV while T03 piglets were orally inoculated with virus-negative medium. T01 litters had overall lower mortality than T02 (T01 36.4% vs. T02 74.4%). Specifically, there was 0% litter mortality from T01 gilt 5026. Overall, it appears that vaccination of pregnant gilts with S-INDEL PEDV can passively protect piglets if there is virus replication and immune response induction in the pregnant gilts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14081801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T22:53:30Z","timestamp":1660776810000},"page":"1801","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Evaluation of the Efficacy of an S-INDEL PEDV Strain Administered to Pregnant Gilts against a Virulent Non-S-INDEL PEDV Challenge in Newborn Piglets"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2175-5440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loni","family":"Schumacher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Fredericks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2540-8769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phillip","family":"Gauger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meggan","family":"Bandrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoetis, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcia","family":"Keith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoetis, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4407-7996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Gim\u00e9nez-Lirola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Drew","family":"Magstadt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0812-5708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wannarat","family":"Yim-im","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6762-7751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Welch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7228-6202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianqiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-015-0421-2","article-title":"Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus: An emerging and re-emerging epizootic swine virus","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Virol. 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