{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:29:13Z","timestamp":1772252953178,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011003","name":"\u201cInstituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria\u201d (INIA)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PL_27 N-23398"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PL_27 N-23398"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011003","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bovine polyomavirus-1 (BoPyV-1, Epsilonpolyomavirus bovis) is widespread in cattle and has been detected in commercialized beef at supermarkets in the USA and Germany. BoPyV-1 has been questioned as a probable zoonotic agent with documented increase in seropositivity in people exposed to cattle. However, to date, BoPyV-1 has not been causally associated with pathology or disease in any animal species, including humans. Here we describe and illustrate pathological findings in an aborted bovine fetus naturally infected with BoPyV-1, providing evidence of its pathogenicity and probable abortigenic potential. Our results indicate that: (i) BoPyV-1 can cause severe kidney lesions in cattle, including tubulointerstitial nephritis with cytopathic changes and necrosis in tubular epithelial cells, tubular and interstitial inflammation, and interstitial fibroplasia; (ii) lesions are at least partly attributable to active viral replication in renal tubular epithelial cells, which have abundant intranuclear viral inclusions; (iii) BoPyV-1 large T (LT) antigen, resulting from early viral gene expression, can be detected in infected renal tubular epithelial cells using a monoclonal antibody raised against Simian Virus-40 polyomavirus LT antigen; and (iv) there is productive BoPyV-1 replication and virion assembly in the nuclei of renal tubular epithelial cells, as demonstrated by the ultrastructural observation of abundant arrays of viral particles with typical polyomavirus morphology. Altogether, these lesions resemble the \u201ccytopathic-inflammatory pathology pattern\u201d proposed in the pathogenesis of Human polyomavirus-1-associated nephropathy in immunocompromised people and kidney allograft recipients. Additionally, we sequenced the complete genome of the BoPyV-1 infecting the fetus, which represents the first whole genome of a BoPyV-1 from the Southern Hemisphere. Lastly, the BoPyV-1 strain infecting this fetus was isolated, causing a cytopathic effect in Madin\u2013Darby bovine kidney cells. We conclude that BoPyV-1 is pathogenic to the bovine fetus under natural circumstances. Further insights into the epidemiology, biology, clinical relevance, and zoonotic potential of BoPyV-1 are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14092042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T01:48:10Z","timestamp":1663206490000},"page":"2042","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Bovine Polyomavirus-1 (Epsilonpolyomavirus bovis): An Emerging Fetal Pathogen of Cattle That Causes Renal Lesions Resembling Polyomavirus-Associated Nephropathy of Humans"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8799-6848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Giannitti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plataforma de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria (INIA), Estaci\u00f3n Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia 70006, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0957-7773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"da Silva Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plataforma de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria (INIA), Estaci\u00f3n Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia 70006, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Bullock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synergy America Inc., Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8876-2568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Ber\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plataforma de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria (INIA), Estaci\u00f3n Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia 70006, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0819-7499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sof\u00eda","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Ciganda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plataforma de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria (INIA), Estaci\u00f3n Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia 70006, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6332-1632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9","family":"Ben\u00edtez-Galeano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Gen\u00f3mica y Bioinform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Centro Universitario Regional (CENUR) Litoral Norte, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Salto 50000, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N\u00e9lida","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Osorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Gen\u00f3mica y Bioinform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Centro Universitario Regional (CENUR) Litoral Norte, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Salto 50000, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciana","family":"Silva-Flannery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yisell","family":"Perdomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plataforma de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria (INIA), Estaci\u00f3n Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia 70006, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Montevideo 13000, Uruguay"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Interacciones Hospedero-Pat\u00f3geno, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4618-9721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Puentes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Montevideo 13000, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodney","family":"Colina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Virolog\u00eda Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Centro Universitario Regional (CENUR) Litoral Norte, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Salto 50000, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jana M.","family":"Ritter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7533-218X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mat\u00edas","family":"Castells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Virolog\u00eda Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Centro Universitario Regional (CENUR) Litoral Norte, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Salto 50000, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2017.06.011","article-title":"Biology, evolution, and medical importance of polyomaviruses: An 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