{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T16:17:42Z","timestamp":1780676262140,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, China","award":["KYYJ202001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYYJ202001"]}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, China","award":["cstc2019jcyj-zdxmX0028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2019jcyj-zdxmX0028"]}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, China","award":["2021CDJCGJ007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CDJCGJ007"]}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau","award":["KYYJ202001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYYJ202001"]}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau","award":["cstc2019jcyj-zdxmX0028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2019jcyj-zdxmX0028"]}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau","award":["2021CDJCGJ007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CDJCGJ007"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities","award":["KYYJ202001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYYJ202001"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities","award":["cstc2019jcyj-zdxmX0028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2019jcyj-zdxmX0028"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities","award":["2021CDJCGJ007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CDJCGJ007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is caused by viral infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Where upregulation of several important biomarkers and multiple organ dysfunction occurs, this study aimed to evaluate the association of cardiac biomarkers and CS induced acute lung damage with disease severity and mortality in survival of COVID-19 patients. A total of 500 COVID-19 patients with elevated cardiac biomarkers were studied for the analysis of myocardial abnormality through cardiac enzymes, inflammatory biomarkers, and the expression analysis of various cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-25 genes. The elevation of various cardiac enzymes including LDH (87%), CK (78.4%), TNI (80.4%), CK-MB (83%), and D-dimer (80.8%) were found correlated (p &lt; 0.001) with COVID-19 infection. Cardiac enzyme elevation was highly associated with an increased level of inflammatory biomarkers such as CRP (14.2%), SAA (11.4%) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (7.8%) (p = 0.001 for all). The quantitative expression analysis of IL-10, 1L-17, and 1L-25 were found to be high, while those of IL-1 and IL-6 were moderately elevated. The death-to-live ratio of COVID-19 patients was 457:43 indicating that the patients having elevated levels of both CKMB, D-dimer, CK and IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and D-dimer, Troponin, CK and IL-1, IL-10 had high fatality rate (73% and 12% respectively). The current finding concludes that the evaluation of cardiac biomarkers with cytokine storm plays a significant role in COVID-19-associated anatomical organ damage, myocardial injury, and mortality. Physicians should pay special attention to cardiac biomarkers in patients with old age, inflammation, and comorbidities among COVID-19 infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14102149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]],"date-time":"2022-09-30T01:43:01Z","timestamp":1664502181000},"page":"2149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Evaluation of Cardiac Biomarkers and Expression Analysis of IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-25 among COVID-19 Patients from Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Razi","family":"Ullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Lab for Vascular Implants College of Bioengineering Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7302-6987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jadoon","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nosheen","family":"Basharat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danqun","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Lab for Vascular Implants College of Bioengineering Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9879-2023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Ud Din","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610212, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9192-8757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guixue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Lab for Vascular Implants College of Bioengineering Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2022, June 01). 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