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We investigated the proportion of LTFU and associated risk factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) enrolled in a PrEP demonstration project in Burkina Faso, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, Mali, and Togo. CohMSM-PrEP, a prospective cohort study, was conducted between November 2017 and June 2021 in community-based clinics. MSM aged 18 years or older at substantial risk of HIV infection received a comprehensive prevention package, including PrEP and peer education. LTFU was defined as not returning to the clinic for six months. Associated risk factors were investigated using a time-varying Cox\u2019s model. Of 647 participants followed up for a median time of 15 months, 372 were LTFU (57.5%). LTFU was associated with younger age (adjusted hazard ratio [95% Confidence Interval]; 1.50 [1.17\u20131.94]), unemployment (1.33 [1.03\u20131.71]), depression (1.63 [1.12\u20132.38]), and perceiving no HIV risk with stable male partners (1.61 [1.23\u20132.10]). Contacting peer educators outside of scheduled visits was protective (0.74 [0.56\u20130.97]). Our findings show that LTFU from PrEP care in West African MSM is a major challenge to achieving HIV elimination, but that the involvement of peer educators in PrEP delivery helps to limit LTFU by providing users with adequate support.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14112380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,30]],"date-time":"2022-10-30T10:47:57Z","timestamp":1667126877000},"page":"2380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Loss to Follow-Up from HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Care in Men Who Have Sex with Men in West Africa"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9197-1635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"August","family":"Eubanks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Sant\u00e9 & Traitement de l\u2019Information M\u00e9dicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bakary","family":"Coulibaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARCAD Sant\u00e9 PLUS, Bamako BP E2561, Mali"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bintou","family":"Keita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARCAD Sant\u00e9 PLUS, Bamako BP E2561, Mali"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Anoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Espace Confiance, Abidjan 05 BP 1456, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ter","family":"Dah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Association African Solidarit\u00e9, Ouagadougou 01 BP 2831, Burkina Faso"},{"name":"UFR Sciences de la Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Ouahigouya, Ouahigouya 01 BP 346, Burkina Faso"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ephrem","family":"Mensah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Espoir Vie Togo, Lom\u00e9 7 BP 14543, Togo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwena\u00eblle","family":"Maradan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Sant\u00e9 & Traitement de l\u2019Information M\u00e9dicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"ORS PACA, Observatoire R\u00e9gional de la Sant\u00e9 Provence-Alpes-C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Bourrelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Sant\u00e9 & Traitement de l\u2019Information M\u00e9dicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Coalition Plus, Community-Based Research Laboratory, 93500 Pantin, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Mora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Sant\u00e9 & Traitement de l\u2019Information M\u00e9dicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Riegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coalition Plus, Community-Based Research Laboratory, 93500 Pantin, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Rojas Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Sant\u00e9 & Traitement de l\u2019Information M\u00e9dicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Coalition Plus, Community-Based Research Laboratory, 93500 Pantin, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2554-6515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Issifou","family":"Yaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TransVIHMI, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, IRD, 34394 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3546-8020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Spire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Sant\u00e9 & Traitement de l\u2019Information M\u00e9dicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2658-7113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Laurent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TransVIHMI, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, IRD, 34394 Montpellier, 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