{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:26:57Z","timestamp":1760232417284,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]],"date-time":"2022-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18K05977","21K05947"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18K05977","21K05947"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Porcine adenoviruses (PAdVs) are distributed in pig populations and classified into five immunologically distinct serotypes (PAdV-1 to 5). In this study, a PAdV was isolated from a fecal sample of wild boar for the first time. Whole-genome analysis revealed that this strain (Ino5) has sequence homology (approximately &gt; 93%) throughout the genome with the PAdV-5 strain HNF-70 that was isolated from a pig in Japan in 1987, except for the hexon, E3 612R, and fiber coding regions. Two possible recombination breakpoints were detected in the hexon and E3 612R regions, which were found to have reduced GC content. Structural prediction analysis showed that a part of the hexon protein corresponding to the tower region of Ino5 had structural differences when compared with HNF-70, suggesting antigenic heterogeneity between these strains. PAdVs were detected in 1.77% (2\/113) and 12% (12\/100) of the fecal samples from wild boars and pigs collected in Japan by PCR, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of the hexon and fiber genes revealed that some samples showed different grouping in the hexon and fiber genes, suggesting that these viruses have recombination events. These findings suggest that the PAdV-5 has evolved with homologous recombination events in the same manner as human adenoviruses among not only pig populations, but also wild boars in Japan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14112400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,30]],"date-time":"2022-10-30T10:47:57Z","timestamp":1667126877000},"page":"2400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["First Isolation and Identification of Homologous Recombination Events of Porcine Adenovirus from Wild Boar"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4187-3217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mami","family":"Oba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumiya","family":"Borjigin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fuka","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Oi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi 921-8836, Ishikawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Takemae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroho","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7560-4445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hironobu","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoyuki","family":"Aihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takanori","family":"Shiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junichi","family":"Kamiie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Mizutani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5884-620X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makoto","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"001721","article-title":"Ictv Report Consortium. 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