{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:27:55Z","timestamp":1790810875858,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":180,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]],"date-time":"2022-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"German Federal Ministry for Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01KI2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01KI2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Influenza is a severe contagious disease caused by influenza A and B viruses. The WHO estimates that annual outbreaks lead to 3\u20135 million severe infections of which approximately 10% lead to the death of the patient. While vaccination is the cornerstone of prevention, antiviral drugs represent the most important treatment option of acute infections. Only two classes of drugs are currently approved for the treatment of influenza in numerous countries: M2 channel blockers and neuraminidase inhibitors. In some countries, additional compounds such as the recently developed cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir marboxil or the polymerase inhibitor favipiravir are available. However, many of these compounds suffer from poor efficacy, if not applied early after infection. Furthermore, many influenza strains have developed resistances and lost susceptibility to these compounds. As a result, there is an urgent need to develop new anti-influenza drugs against a broad spectrum of subtypes. Natural products have made an important contribution to the development of new lead structures, particularly in the field of infectious diseases. Therefore, this article aims to review the research on the identification of novel lead structures isolated from natural resources suitable to treat influenza infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14112452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]],"date-time":"2022-11-07T03:10:46Z","timestamp":1667790646000},"page":"2452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Antiviral Potential of Natural Resources against Influenza Virus Infections"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Johanna","family":"Eichberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany"},{"name":"BMBF Junior Research Group in Infection Research \u201cASCRIBE\u201d, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Maiworm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany"},{"name":"BMBF Junior Research Group in Infection Research \u201cASCRIBE\u201d, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6860-8173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Oberpaul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany"},{"name":"BMBF Junior Research Group in Infection Research \u201cASCRIBE\u201d, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Czudai-Matwich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7234-8685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"L\u00fcddecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany"},{"name":"LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8276-4968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Vilcinskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany"},{"name":"LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26\u201332, 35392 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kornelia","family":"Hardes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany"},{"name":"BMBF Junior Research Group in Infection Research \u201cASCRIBE\u201d, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany"},{"name":"LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4638","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26990","article-title":"A brief review of influenza virus infection","volume":"93","author":"Javanian","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0002-y","article-title":"Influenza","volume":"4","author":"Krammer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/44.suppl_2.11","article-title":"The socio-economic burden of influenza","volume":"44","author":"Szucs","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.8.1.17622","article-title":"Clinical and socioeconomic impact of seasonal and pandemic influenza in adults and the elderly","volume":"8","author":"Gasparini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/pauz.201100407","article-title":"Grippe-Impfstoffe","volume":"40","author":"Pfleiderer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharm. Unserer Zeit"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.05.031","article-title":"The 2009 A (H1N1) influenza virus pandemic: A review","volume":"28","author":"Girard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.56.1.152-179.1992","article-title":"Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses","volume":"56","author":"Webster","year":"1992","journal-title":"Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1122438","article-title":"Global patterns of influenza a virus in wild birds","volume":"312","author":"Olsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2613","article-title":"Influenza A viruses: New research developments","volume":"9","author":"Medina","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28403","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R110.129809","article-title":"Influenza hemagglutinin and neuraminidase membrane glycoproteins","volume":"285","author":"Gamblin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.28.1.1870","article-title":"Influenza receptors, polymerase and host range","volume":"28","author":"Matrosovich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2010.01556.x","article-title":"Influenza A virus-induced early activation of ERK and PI3K mediates V-ATPase-dependent intracellular pH change required for fusion","volume":"13","author":"Marjuki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/44.suppl_2.3","article-title":"Epidemiology and pathogenesis of influenza","volume":"44","author":"Zambon","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(99)01460-2","article-title":"Understanding influenza virus pathogenicity","volume":"7","author":"Garten","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klenk, H.-D., Matrosovich, M.N., and Stech, J. (2008). Cleavage Activation of the Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin and Its Role in Pathogenesis. Avian Influenza, KARGER.","DOI":"10.1159\/isbn.978-3-8055-8502-6"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3716","DOI":"10.2174\/092986709789104984","article-title":"Potential targets and their relevant inhibitors in anti-influenza fields","volume":"16","author":"Gong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms1158","article-title":"Differential use of importin-\u03b1 isoforms governs cell tropism and host adaptation of influenza virus","volume":"2","author":"Gabriel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3021","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1985.tb04038.x","article-title":"The molecular basis of the specific anti-influenza action of amantadine","volume":"4","author":"Hay","year":"1985","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"Doc04","article-title":"Influenza viruses\u2014Antiviral therapy and resistance","volume":"5","author":"Duwe","year":"2017","journal-title":"GMS Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67338-2","article-title":"Incidence of adamantane resistance among influenza A (H3N2) viruses isolated worldwide from 1994 to 2005: A cause for concern","volume":"366","author":"Bright","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1086\/591851","article-title":"Developing new antiviral agents for influenza treatment: What does the future hold?","volume":"48","author":"Hayden","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dong, G., Peng, C., Luo, J., Wang, C., Han, L., Wu, B., Ji, G., and He, H. (2015). Adamantane-resistant influenza a viruses in the world (1902\u20132013): Frequency and distribution of M2 gene mutations. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119115"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06528","article-title":"Structural basis for the function and inhibition of an influenza virus proton channel","volume":"451","author":"Stouffer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2012.03.001","article-title":"Production of shikimic acid","volume":"30","author":"Ghosh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.5b01055","article-title":"Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs from 1981 to 2014","volume":"79","author":"Newman","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00039","article-title":"Influenza Virus Neuraminidase Structure and Functions","volume":"10","author":"McAuley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diederich, W.E., and Steuber, H. (2015). Strategies for the Development of Influenza Drugs: Basis for New Efficient Combination Therapies. Therapy of Viral Infections, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-46759-6"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1966.tb01673.x","article-title":"The inhibition of neuraminidase and antiviral action","volume":"27","author":"Edmond","year":"1966","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1021\/cg4016383","article-title":"Structural Elucidation of the Neuraminidase Inhibitor Zanamivir (Relenza): Creeping and Diffusion for Polymorph Separation","volume":"14","author":"Nath","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cryst. Growth Des."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holmes, E.H., Devalapally, H., Li, L., Perdue, M.L., and Ostrander, G.K. (2013). Permeability enhancers dramatically increase zanamivir absolute bioavailability in rats: Implications for an orally bioavailable influenza treatment. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061853"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-019-0567-0","article-title":"Development of effective anti-influenza drugs: Congeners and conjugates\u2014A review","volume":"26","author":"Shie","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.294","article-title":"Infections with oseltamivir-resistant influenza A(H1N1) virus in the United States","volume":"301","author":"Dharan","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-03840-9","article-title":"Influenza and antiviral resistance: An overview","volume":"39","author":"Lampejo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4515","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.11.4515-4520.2005","article-title":"Susceptibilities of antiviral-resistant influenza viruses to novel neuraminidase inhibitors","volume":"49","author":"Mishin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2633","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp058291","article-title":"Oseltamivir resistance--disabling our influenza defenses","volume":"353","author":"Moscona","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2019.00109","article-title":"Drugs for Influenza Treatment: Is There Significant News?","volume":"6","author":"Principi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.8.1016","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of the oral neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir in treating acute influenza: A randomized controlled trial. US Oral Neuraminidase Study Group","volume":"283","author":"Treanor","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05114","article-title":"The structure of H5N1 avian influenza neuraminidase suggests new opportunities for drug design","volume":"443","author":"Russell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2021.100486","article-title":"The active form of the influenza cap-snatching endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir marboxil is a tight binding inhibitor","volume":"296","author":"Todd","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9633","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-27890-4","article-title":"Characterization of influenza virus variants induced by treatment with the endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir marboxil","volume":"8","author":"Omoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"346","article-title":"Treatment-Emergent Influenza Variant Viruses With Reduced Baloxavir Susceptibility: Impact on Clinical and Virologic Outcomes in Uncomplicated Influenza","volume":"221","author":"Uehara","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.09.015","article-title":"Favipiravir (T-705), a novel viral RNA polymerase inhibitor","volume":"100","author":"Furuta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hayden, F.G., Lenk, R.P., Stonis, L., Oldham-Creamer, C., Kang, L.L., and Epstein, C. (2022). Favipiravir Treatment of Uncomplicated Influenza in Adults: Results of Two Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trials. J. Infect. Dis.","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac135"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1002\/psp4.12510","article-title":"Modeling Favipiravir Antiviral Efficacy Against Emerging Viruses: From Animal Studies to Clinical Trials","volume":"9","author":"Madelain","year":"2020","journal-title":"CPT Pharmacomet. Syst. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.12.001","article-title":"Favipiravir exposure and pregnancy outcome of COVID-19 patients","volume":"268","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2251","article-title":"Japan\u2019s Drug Regulation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons From a Case Study of Favipiravir","volume":"111","author":"Ueda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.067199-0","article-title":"The 2014 Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa","volume":"95","author":"Gatherer","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2014.02.014","article-title":"Successful treatment of advanced Ebola virus infection with T-705 (favipiravir) in a small animal model","volume":"105","author":"Oestereich","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2018.03.003","article-title":"Favipiravir as a potential countermeasure against neglected and emerging RNA viruses","volume":"153","author":"Delang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sissoko, D., Laouenan, C., Folkesson, E., M\u2019Lebing, A.-B., Beavogui, A.-H., Baize, S., Camara, A.-M., Maes, P., Shepherd, S., and Danel, C. (2016). Experimental Treatment with Favipiravir for Ebola Virus Disease (the JIKI Trial): A Historically Controlled, Single-Arm Proof-of-Concept Trial in Guinea. PLoS Med., 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002066"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz078","article-title":"Laboratory Findings, Compassionate Use of Favipiravir, and Outcome in Patients With Ebola Virus Disease, Guinea, 2015-A Retrospective Observational Study","volume":"220","author":"Kerber","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eng.2020.03.007","article-title":"Experimental Treatment with Favipiravir for COVID-19: An Open-Label Control Study","volume":"6","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Engineering"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.11.142","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of favipiravir, an oral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor, in mild-to-moderate COVID-19: A randomized, comparative, open-label, multicenter, phase 3 clinical trial","volume":"103","author":"Udwadia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01897-20","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01897-20","article-title":"A Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label Trial of Early versus Late Favipiravir Therapy in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19","volume":"64","author":"Doi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2008.10.009","article-title":"Characteristics of arbidol-resistant mutants of influenza virus: Implications for the mechanism of anti-influenza action of arbidol","volume":"81","author":"Leneva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haviernik, J., \u0160tef\u00e1nik, M., Fojt\u00edkov\u00e1, M., Kali, S., Tordo, N., Rudolf, I., Hub\u00e1lek, Z., Eyer, L., and Ruzek, D. (2018). Arbidol (Umifenovir): A Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Drug That Inhibits Medically Important Arthropod-Borne Flaviviruses. Viruses, 10.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201802.0134.v1"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo2020303","article-title":"A historical overview of natural products in drug discovery","volume":"2","author":"Dias","year":"2012","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357011775712","article-title":"Ethnopharmacology in drug discovery: An analysis of its role and potential contribution","volume":"53","author":"Heinrich","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.112790","article-title":"Antiviral potential of natural products from marine microbes","volume":"207","author":"Yi","year":"2020","journal-title":"European J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112298","article-title":"Natural products against acute respiratory infections: Strategies and lessons learned","volume":"248","author":"Langeder","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1039\/C1NP00053E","article-title":"Influenza neuraminidase: A druggable target for natural products","volume":"29","author":"Grienke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2290","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21707","article-title":"Development of anti-influenza agents from natural products","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1892","article-title":"Anti-influenza agents from plants and traditional Chinese medicine","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1177\/2156587216641831","article-title":"Prevention and Treatment of Influenza, Influenza-Like Illness, and Common Cold by Herbal, Complementary, and Natural Therapies","volume":"22","author":"Mousa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1039\/c0np00005a","article-title":"Anti-influenza agents from Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"27","author":"Ge","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-020-00114-z","article-title":"Natural products in drug discovery: Advances and opportunities","volume":"20","author":"Atanasov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.9b01285","article-title":"Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Nearly Four Decades from 01\/1981 to 09\/2019","volume":"83","author":"Newman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_68","first-page":"14","article-title":"Viral infectious disease and natural products with antiviral activity","volume":"1","author":"Kitazato","year":"2007","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Ther."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2004.11.020","article-title":"In vitro antioxidant activity of polyphenol extracts with antiviral properties from Geranium sanguineum L.","volume":"76","author":"Sokmen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2006.10.075","article-title":"Anti-influenza virus activity of biflavonoids","volume":"17","author":"Miki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1021\/np960613i","article-title":"Two new lignans with activity against influenza virus from the medicinal plant Rhinacanthus nasutus","volume":"60","author":"Kernan","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2017.09.029","article-title":"Peptide therapeutics from venom: Current status and potential","volume":"26","author":"Pennington","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioorganic Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_73","unstructured":"Plumlee, K.H. (2004). Clinical Veterinary Toxicology, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_74","first-page":"183","article-title":"Why do we study animal toxins?","volume":"36","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dongwuxue Yanjiu"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cois.2018.10.001","article-title":"Insect toxins\u2014Selective pharmacological tools and drug\/chemical leads","volume":"30","author":"Kachel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Insect Sci."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40409-016-0089-0","article-title":"Antiviral activity of animal venom peptides and related compounds","volume":"23","author":"Rangel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Venom. Anim. Toxins Incl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12628","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.192301899","article-title":"Antiviral and antitumor peptides from insects","volume":"99","author":"Chernysh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3967","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00542-08","article-title":"Mucroporin, the first cationic host defense peptide from the venom of Lychas mucronatus","volume":"52","author":"Dai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2011.05.015","article-title":"Virucidal activity of a scorpion venom peptide variant mucroporin-M1 against measles, SARS-CoV and influenza H5N1 viruses","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275-016-6376-1","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of bee venom and its components against viruses in vitro and in vivo","volume":"54","author":"Uddin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.03.018","article-title":"An Amphibian Host Defense Peptide Is Virucidal for Human H1 Hemagglutinin-Bearing Influenza Viruses","volume":"46","author":"Holthausen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2018.10.004","article-title":"Inhibition of peptide BF-30 on influenza A virus infection in vitro\/vivo by causing virion membrane fusion","volume":"112","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00fcddecke, T., Vilcinskas, A., and Lemke, S. (2019). Phylogeny-Guided Selection of Priority Groups for Venom Bioprospecting: Harvesting Toxin Sequences in Tarantulas as a Case Study. Toxins, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11090488"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3488","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins6123488","article-title":"Quo vadis venomics? A roadmap to neglected venomous invertebrates","volume":"6","author":"Campbell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"ref_85","first-page":"giac048","article-title":"Modern venomics-Current insights, novel methods, and future perspectives in biological and applied animal venom research","volume":"11","author":"Anderluh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gigascience"},{"key":"ref_86","unstructured":"Watkinson, S.C., Boddy, L., and Money, N. (2016). The Fungi, Academic Press. [3rd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jakubczyk, D., and Dussart, F. (2020). Selected Fungal Natural Products with Antimicrobial Properties. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25040911"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1007\/s12250-014-3486-y","article-title":"Antiviral activity of Basidiomycete mycelia against influenza type A (serotype H1N1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 in cell culture","volume":"29","author":"Krupodorova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Virol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02325","article-title":"Antiviral Agents From Fungi: Diversity, Mechanisms and Potential Applications","volume":"9","author":"Linnakoski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, X., Zhao, Z., Li, Z., Xu, C., Sun, L., Chen, J., and Liu, W. (2012). Cyclosporin A inhibits the influenza virus replication through cyclophilin A-dependent and -independent pathways. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037277"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.66.276","article-title":"Cyclosporin A inhibits the propagation of influenza virus by interfering with a late event in the virus life cycle","volume":"66","author":"Hamamoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2016.07.019","article-title":"Discovery of cyclosporine A and its analogs as broad-spectrum anti-influenza drugs with a high in vitro genetic barrier of drug resistance","volume":"133","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.55.155","article-title":"Stachyflin and acetylstachyflin, novel anti-influenza A virus substances, produced by Stachybotrys sp. RF-7260. I. Isolation, structure elucidation and biological activities","volume":"55","author":"Minagawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Antibiot."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050050552","article-title":"Identification of a novel HA conformational change inhibitor of human influenza virus","volume":"144","author":"Yoshimoto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sacramento, C.Q., Marttorelli, A., Fintelman-Rodrigues, N., de Freitas, C.S., de Melo, G.R., Rocha, M.E.N., Kaiser, C.R., Rodrigues, K.F., Da Costa, G.L., and Alves, C.M. (2015). Aureonitol, a Fungi-Derived Tetrahydrofuran, Inhibits Influenza Replication by Targeting Its Surface Glycoprotein Hemagglutinin. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139236"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S0367-326X(03)00119-9","article-title":"Antiviral activity of Inonotus hispidus","volume":"74","author":"Mothana","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-3542(99)00035-2","article-title":"Isolation and partial characterization of an antiviral, RC-183, from the edible mushroom Rozites caperata","volume":"43","author":"Piraino","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2001.tb00172.x","article-title":"Statins: Mechanism of action and effects","volume":"5","author":"Stancu","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12902","article-title":"Immune modulatory effects of statins","volume":"154","author":"Zeiser","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-1997","article-title":"Influenza and COPD mortality protection as pleiotropic, dose-dependent effects of statins","volume":"131","author":"Frost","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir695","article-title":"Association between use of statins and mortality among patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infections: A multistate study","volume":"205","author":"Vandermeer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_102","first-page":"409","article-title":"Experience in the management of the severe form of human influenza A H1N1 pneumonia in an intensive care unit","volume":"79","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cir. Cir."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kwong, J.C., Li, P., and Redelmeier, D.A. (2009). Influenza morbidity and mortality in elderly patients receiving statins: A cohort study. PLoS ONE, 4.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008087"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofv028","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofv028","article-title":"Statin treatment and mortality: Propensity score-matched analyses of 2007-2008 and 2009-2010 laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalizations","volume":"2","author":"Laidler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2014.2076","article-title":"Protective effect of fluvastatin on influenza virus infection","volume":"9","author":"Peng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2013.01.017","article-title":"Simvastatin and oseltamivir combination therapy does not improve the effectiveness of oseltamivir alone following highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza virus infection in mice","volume":"439","author":"Belser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radigan, K.A., Urich, D., Misharin, A.V., Chiarella, S.E., Soberanes, S., Gonzalez, A., Perlman, H., Wunderink, R.G., Budinger, G.R.S., and Mutlu, G.M. (2012). The effect of rosuvastatin in a murine model of influenza A infection. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035788"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2014","DOI":"10.1021\/np2004769","article-title":"Anti-influenza virus polyketides from the acid-tolerant fungus Penicillium purpurogenum JS03-21","volume":"74","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1021\/np400977e","article-title":"Sorbicatechols A and B, antiviral sorbicillinoids from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium chrysogenum PJX-17","volume":"77","author":"Peng","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tet.2012.08.066","article-title":"Wickerols A and B: Novel anti-influenza virus diterpenes produced by Trichoderma atroviride FKI-3849","volume":"68","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/09168451.2016.1162084","article-title":"Herquline A, produced by Penicillium herquei FKI-7215, exhibits anti-influenza virus properties","volume":"81","author":"Chiba","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2018.07.017","article-title":"Truncateols O-V, further isoprenylated cyclohexanols from the sponge-associated fungus Truncatella angustata with antiviral activities","volume":"155","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2013.04.034","article-title":"3-Anhydro-6-hydroxy-ophiobolin A, a new sesterterpene inhibiting the growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and inducing the cell death by apoptosis on K562, from the phytopathogenic fungus Bipolaris oryzae","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-016-0325-y","article-title":"3-Anhydro-6-hydroxy-ophiobolin A displays high in vitro and in vivo efficacy against influenza A virus infection","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Protein Cell"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3801","DOI":"10.1021\/cr990097b","article-title":"Mycophenolic Acid: A one hundred year odyssey from antibiotic to immunosuppressant","volume":"100","author":"Bentley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3035","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03015-10","article-title":"Molecular Basis for Mycophenolic Acid Biosynthesis in Penicillium brevicompactum","volume":"77","author":"Regueira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2013.09.029","article-title":"Broad-spectrum antivirals for the emerging Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus","volume":"67","author":"Chan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000512","article-title":"Mycophenolic acid, an immunomodulator, has potent and broad-spectrum in vitro antiviral activity against pandemic, seasonal and avian influenza viruses affecting humans","volume":"97","author":"To","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1827","article-title":"Serine palmitoyltransferase is the primary target of a sphingosine-like immunosuppressant, ISP-1\/myriocin","volume":"211","author":"Miyake","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6406","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1219909110","article-title":"Intact sphingomyelin biosynthetic pathway is essential for intracellular transport of influenza virus glycoproteins","volume":"110","author":"Tafesse","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.29.1575","article-title":"Suppression of the biosynthesis of cellular sphingolipids results in the inhibition of the maturation of influenza virus particles in MDCK cells","volume":"29","author":"Hidari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.02.009","article-title":"Marine fungi","volume":"29","author":"Gladfelter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9655","DOI":"10.1021\/cr4006318","article-title":"Role of Marine Natural Products in the Genesis of Antiviral Agents","volume":"115","author":"Gogineni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1021\/np400200k","article-title":"Antiviral alkaloids produced by the mangrove-derived fungus Cladosporium sp. PJX-41","volume":"76","author":"Peng","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1021\/np400833x","article-title":"Cladosins A-E, hybrid polyketides from a deep-sea-derived fungus, Cladosporium sphaerospermum","volume":"77","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1021\/np400304q","article-title":"Indole-diterpenoids with anti-H1N1 activity from the aciduric fungus Penicillium camemberti OUCMDZ-1492","volume":"76","author":"Fan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/ja.2014.39","article-title":"Antimicrobial and antiviral sesquiterpenoids from sponge-associated fungus, Aspergillus sydowii ZSDS1-F6","volume":"67","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Antibiot."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1038\/ja.2013.135","article-title":"New rubrolides from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus terreus OUCMDZ-1925","volume":"67","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Antibiot."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1021\/np300897v","article-title":"Asperterrestide A, a cytotoxic cyclic tetrapeptide from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus terreus SCSGAF0162","volume":"76","author":"He","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2013.01.051","article-title":"Aspulvinones from a mangrove rhizosphere soil-derived fungus Aspergillus terreus Gwq-48 with anti-influenza A viral (H1N1) activity","volume":"23","author":"Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., Wang, Y., Hao, X., Li, S., Jia, J., Guan, Y., Peng, Z., Bi, H., Xiao, C., and Cen, S. (2019). Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Natural Products from the Marine-Derived Penicillium sp. IMB17-046. Molecules, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24152821"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2011.04.014","article-title":"Antiviral isoindolone derivatives from an endophytic fungus Emericella sp. associated with Aegiceras corniculatum","volume":"72","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2722","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.8b00656","article-title":"Spirostaphylotrichin X from a Marine-Derived Fungus as an Anti-influenza Agent Targeting RNA Polymerase PB2","volume":"81","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2018.00282","article-title":"Structurally Diverse Polyketides From the Mangrove-Derived Fungus Diaporthe sp. SCSIO 41011 With Their Anti-influenza A Virus Activities","volume":"6","author":"Luo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2015.02.006","article-title":"Neoechinulin B and its analogues as potential entry inhibitors of influenza viruses, targeting viral hemagglutinin","volume":"93","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bovio, E., Garzoli, L., Poli, A., Luganini, A., Villa, P., Musumeci, R., McCormack, G.P., Cocuzza, C.E., Gribaudo, G., and Mehiri, M. (2019). Marine Fungi from the Sponge Grantia compressa: Biodiversity, Chemodiversity, and Biotechnological Potential. Mar. Drugs, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/md17040220"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2015.09.037","article-title":"Spiromastilactones: A new class of influenza virus inhibitors from deep-sea fungus","volume":"108","author":"Niu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00267-17","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00267-17","article-title":"Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Destabilizes Influenza Viruses","volume":"2","author":"Bandoro","year":"2017","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1546055","article-title":"Anti-infective Natural Products from Cyanobacteria","volume":"81","author":"Niedermeyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1573(199703)11:2<93::AID-PTR46>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Antiviral Activity of an Aqueous Extract of the Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa","volume":"11","author":"Nowotny","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1021\/np060303s","article-title":"Cyclic depsipeptides, ichthyopeptins A and B, from Microcystis ichthyoblabe","volume":"70","author":"Zainuddin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2518","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.8.2518-2525.2003","article-title":"Potent anti-influenza activity of cyanovirin-N and interactions with viral hemagglutinin","volume":"47","author":"Smee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2008.06.003","article-title":"Treatment of influenza A (H1N1) virus infections in mice and ferrets with cyanovirin-N","volume":"80","author":"Smee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1177\/095632020701800604","article-title":"Influenza A (H1N1) virus resistance to cyanovirin-N arises naturally during adaptation to mice and by passage in cell culture in the presence of the inhibitor","volume":"18","author":"Smee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antivir. Chem. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1021\/np050056c","article-title":"Isolation of an antiviral polysaccharide, nostoflan, from a terrestrial cyanobacterium, Nostoc flagelliforme","volume":"68","author":"Kanekiyo","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2016.06.020","article-title":"Anti-influenza virus activity of high-mannose binding lectins derived from genus Pseudomonas","volume":"223","author":"Morimoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2011.09.012","article-title":"Effects of oral administration of yogurt fermented with Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1 and its exopolysaccharides against influenza virus infection in mice","volume":"11","author":"Nagai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-014-9162-6","article-title":"Antiviral potential of lactic acid bacteria and their bacteriocins","volume":"6","author":"Hober","year":"2014","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicrob. Proteins"},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17360","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17487-8","article-title":"Heat-killed Lactobacillus casei confers broad protection against influenza A virus primary infection and develops heterosubtypic immunity against future secondary infection","volume":"7","author":"Jung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yin, H., Jiang, N., Shi, W., Chi, X., Liu, S., Chen, J.-L., and Wang, S. (2021). Development and Effects of Influenza Antiviral Drugs. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26040810"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, F., Chen, D., Lu, S., Yang, G., Zhang, X., Chen, Z., Fan, S., Wu, S., and He, J. (2018). Anti-Influenza A Viral Butenolide from Streptomyces sp. Smu03 Inhabiting the Intestine of Elephas maximus. Viruses, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/v10070356"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-019-1254-1","article-title":"Antiviral activities of extremophilic actinomycetes extracts from Kazakhstan\u2019s unique ecosystems against influenza viruses and paramyxoviruses","volume":"16","author":"Berezin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5366","DOI":"10.1021\/ol4026809","article-title":"Nitrosporeusines A and B, unprecedented thioester-bearing alkaloids from the Arctic Streptomyces nitrosporeus","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Org. Lett."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2477","DOI":"10.1021\/ol800749w","article-title":"Total synthesis of the Hsp90 inhibitor geldanamycin","volume":"10","author":"Qin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Org. Lett."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.23.442","article-title":"Geldanamycin, a new antibiotic","volume":"23","author":"DeBoer","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Antibiot."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.4236\/aim.2019.93015","article-title":"Streptomyces zerumbet, a Novel Species from Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith and Isolation of Its Bioactive Compounds","volume":"09","author":"Taechowisan","year":"2019","journal-title":"AiM"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.7324\/JAPS.2020.104014","article-title":"Antiviral activity of geldanamycin and its derivatives against influenza virus","volume":"10","author":"Taechowisan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. App. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.44.733","article-title":"Fluvirucins A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, B4 and B5, new antibiotics active against influenza A virus. I. Production, isolation, chemical properties and biological activities","volume":"44","author":"Naruse","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Antibiot."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.43.259","article-title":"SF2487, a new polyether antibiotic produced by Actinomadura","volume":"43","author":"Hatsu","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Antibiot."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3209\/saj.18_62","article-title":"Fattiviracins, Antiviral Antibiotics Produced by an Actinomycete","volume":"18","author":"Uyeda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Actinomycetologica"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.65.683","article-title":"Antiviral activity of fattiviracin FV-8 against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)","volume":"65","author":"Habib","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1248\/yakushi.124.469","article-title":"Metabolites produced by actinomycetes--antiviral antibiotics and enzyme inhibitors","volume":"124","author":"Uyeda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Yakugaku Zasshi"},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.3390\/md11041035","article-title":"Diketopiperazine derivatives from the marine-derived actinomycete Streptomyces sp. FXJ7.328","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.67.6.471","article-title":"Antiviral Properties of Ehrlichin, an Antibiotic Produced by Streptomyces Lavendulae","volume":"67","author":"Groupe","year":"1951","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2040206618764483","DOI":"10.1177\/2040206618764483","article-title":"Nucleosides for the treatment of respiratory RNA virus infections","volume":"26","author":"Jordan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antivir. Chem. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1007\/s10593-021-02912-8","article-title":"Antiviral nucleoside analogs","volume":"57","author":"Kataev","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Heterocycl. Comp."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/ja.2017.115","article-title":"Current landscape and future prospects of antiviral drugs derived from microbial products","volume":"71","author":"Takizawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Antibiot."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1039\/c39800000917","article-title":"The biosynthesis of pyrazofurin and formycin","volume":"19","author":"Buchanan","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.21.468","article-title":"Structural requirements for formycin activity","volume":"21","author":"Kunimoto","year":"1968","journal-title":"J. Antibiot."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802671","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.802671","article-title":"Anti-influenza Virus Activity of Methylthio-Formycin Distinct From That of T-705","volume":"13","author":"Takizawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.4.1470-1479.2006","article-title":"Sialidase fusion protein as a novel broad-spectrum inhibitor of influenza virus infection","volume":"50","author":"Malakhov","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1086\/522609","article-title":"DAS181, a novel sialidase fusion protein, protects mice from lethal avian influenza H5N1 virus infection","volume":"196","author":"Belser","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1844","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis622","article-title":"A phase II study of DAS181, a novel host directed antiviral for the treatment of influenza infection","volume":"206","author":"Moss","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu105","article-title":"An investigational antiviral drug, DAS181, effectively inhibits replication of zoonotic influenza A virus subtype H7N9 and protects mice from lethality","volume":"210","author":"Marjuki","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2016.02.011","article-title":"DAS181 for Treatment of Parainfluenza Virus Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients at a Single Center","volume":"22","author":"Salvatore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen, J.T., Hoopes, J.D., Le, M.H., Smee, D.F., Patick, A.K., Faix, D.J., Blair, P.J., de Jong, M.D., Prichard, M.N., and Went, G.T. (2010). Triple combination of amantadine, ribavirin, and oseltamivir is highly active and synergistic against drug resistant influenza virus strains in vitro. PLoS ONE, 5.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009332"},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4115","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00476-09","article-title":"Triple combination of oseltamivir, amantadine, and ribavirin displays synergistic activity against multiple influenza virus strains in vitro","volume":"53","author":"Nguyen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoopes, J.D., Driebe, E.M., Kelley, E., Engelthaler, D.M., Keim, P.S., Perelson, A.S., Rong, L., Went, G.T., and Nguyen, J.T. (2011). Triple combination antiviral drug (TCAD) composed of amantadine, oseltamivir, and ribavirin impedes the selection of drug-resistant influenza A virus. PLoS ONE, 6.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029778"},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.3390\/v2081510","article-title":"Combination chemotherapy for influenza","volume":"2","author":"Govorkova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, S., Kim, J.I., Lee, I., Lee, S., Hwang, M.-W., Bae, J.-Y., Heo, J., Kim, D., Jang, S.-I., and Kim, H. (2014). Combination effects of peramivir and favipiravir against oseltamivir-resistant 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) infection in mice. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101325"}],"container-title":["Viruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4915\/14\/11\/2452\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:11:10Z","timestamp":1760145070000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4915\/14\/11\/2452"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]]},"references-count":180,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["v14112452"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v14112452","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-4915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1999-4915","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]]}}}