{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T10:14:08Z","timestamp":1790763248196,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]],"date-time":"2022-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral disease of suids that induces high mortality in domestic pigs and wild boars. Given the current spread of ASF, the development of a vaccine is a priority. During an attempt to inactivate the Georgia 2007\/1 strain via heat treatment, we fortuitously generated an attenuated strain called ASFV-989. Compared to Georgia, the ASFV-989 strain genome has a deletion of 7458 nucleotides located in the 5\u2032-end encoding region of MGF 505\/360, which allowed for developing a DIVA PCR system. In vitro, in porcine alveolar macrophages, the replication kinetics of the ASFV-989 and Georgia strains were identical. In vivo, specific-pathogen-free (SPF) pigs inoculated with the ASFV-989 strain, either intramuscularly or oronasally, exhibited transient hyperthermia and slightly decreased growth performance. Animals immunized with the ASFV-989 strain showed viremia 100 to 1000 times lower than those inoculated with the Georgia strain and developed a rapid antibody and cell-mediated response. In ASFV-989-immunized pigs challenged 2 or 4 weeks later with the Georgia strain, no symptoms were recorded and no viremia for the challenge strain was detected. These results show that the ASFV-989 strain is a promising non-GMO vaccine candidate that is usable either intramuscularly or oronasally.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v14122777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T02:22:41Z","timestamp":1670984561000},"page":"2777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007\/1 Challenge"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0220-0922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivier","family":"Bourry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Agence Nationale de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Sanitaire de l\u2019Alimentation, de l\u2019Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzan\u00e9-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyne","family":"Hutet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agence Nationale de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Sanitaire de l\u2019Alimentation, de l\u2019Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzan\u00e9-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mireille","family":"Le Dimna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agence Nationale de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Sanitaire de l\u2019Alimentation, de l\u2019Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzan\u00e9-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2844-6157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierrick","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agence Nationale de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Sanitaire de l\u2019Alimentation, de l\u2019Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzan\u00e9-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yannick","family":"Blanchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agence Nationale de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Sanitaire de l\u2019Alimentation, de l\u2019Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzan\u00e9-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Am\u00e9lie","family":"Chastagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agence Nationale de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Sanitaire de l\u2019Alimentation, de l\u2019Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzan\u00e9-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Paboeuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agence Nationale de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Sanitaire de l\u2019Alimentation, de l\u2019Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzan\u00e9-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3929-9129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie-Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rique","family":"Le Potier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agence Nationale de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Sanitaire de l\u2019Alimentation, de l\u2019Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzan\u00e9-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sanchez-Cordon, P.J., Floyd, T., Hicks, D., Crooke, H.R., McCleary, S., McCarthy, R.R., Strong, R., Dixon, L.K., Neimanis, A., and Wikstrom-Lassa, E. 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