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This study aims to assess the immuno-inflammatory profile of mothers and their children who have been diagnosed with CZS. Blood samples, which were confirmed clinically using the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), were collected from children with CZS and their mothers (CZS+ group). Samples were also collected from children who did not develop CZS and had a negative PRNT result and from their mothers (CZS- group). The data demonstrated a correlation between the leukocyte profile of CZS+ children and their mothers, more evident in monocytes. Monocytes from mothers of CZS+ children showed low expression of HLA and elevated hydrogen peroxide production. CZS+ children presented standard HLA expression and a higher hydrogen peroxide concentration than CZS- children. Monocyte superoxide dismutase activity remained functional. Moreover, when assessing the monocyte polarization, it was observed that there was no difference in nitrite concentrations; however, there was a decrease in arginase activity in CZS+ children. These data suggest that ZIKV infection induces a maternal immuno-inflammatory background related to the child\u2019s inflammatory response after birth, possibly affecting the development and progression of congenital Zika syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15010220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T02:57:33Z","timestamp":1673578653000},"page":"220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Maternal Immune Response to ZIKV Triggers High-Inflammatory Profile in Congenital Zika Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2536-9379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eder M. S.","family":"Fialho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, MA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6922-7033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanoel M.","family":"Veras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, MA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline M.","family":"de Jesus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Technology Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, MA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Khouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gon\u00e7alo Moniz Research Institute, FIOCRUZ-Bahia, Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia S.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Center on Neurodevelopment, Assistance and Rehabilitation of Children\/NINAR\u2013State Department of Health of the State of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65077-357, MA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marizelia R. C.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine III, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65020-240, MA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana C.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65020-060, MA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00edllian N.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9328-1806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1via R. 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